Eglinton, County Londonderry
| Eglinton | |
| County Londonderry | |
|---|---|
| |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | C5320 |
| Location: | 55°2’25"N, 7°10’30"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 3,165 (2001) |
| Post town: | Londonderry |
| Postcode: | BT47 |
| Dialling code: | 028 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Derry and Strabane |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Foyle |
Eglinton (formerly known as Muff) is a village in County Londonderry. It stands 5½ miles east of Londonderry, for which it serves as a commuter village, and 10 miles west of Limavady. Eglinton had a population of 3,165 people in the 2001 census.
Eglinton still has an elegant church, former market house, trees around a green and four oaks which started life in Windsor Great Park.[1] The River Muff flows through the village with the afforested Muff Glen being situated just south of the village.[2]
At an embankment of Lough Foyle, birdwatchers can find the feeding ground of many seabirds and waders on the mud flats at low tide.
City of Derry Airport, also known as Eglinton Aerodrome and formerly as Londonderry Eglinton Airport,[3][4] lies a short distance from the village.
History
The village of Eglinton was originally known as (the) Muff, and alternatively as (the) Moigh or Mough.[5] These come from the Irish Magh or an Mhagh, meaning "the plain",[5] and is the name of the townland in which the village began.[5]
The village itself was founded in 1619 by the Grocers' Company of London. As part of the Plantation of Ulster, King James I had granted a large area (15,900 acres) of Faughanvale parish to the Grocers in 1609. The Grocers did not farm it themselves but leased this area to Edward Rone of Essex in 1615 with the stipulation that he built a bawn and 12 houses by 1619. The yearly rent being £116-13s-4d. Rone died in 1618 but his brother-in-law Robert Harrington took over and by 1619 a castle and bawn and eight houses were erected in the townland of Muff (now Eglinton) and by 1622 the stipulated building was completed
The castle (really a castellated house and bawn with four flanker towers) was besieged in 1641 during the Civil War by the insurgents under Colonel McDonnell and defended by the garrison during the winter of that year. It was relieved the following summer by troops from Londonderry but it afterwards fell into the hands of the parliamentarians by whom it was dismantled. During the Siege of Londonderry, the castle was briefly occupied by troops of King James while they were foraging for supplies.
The ruins of the castle were standing and occupied until 1823 when the present Rectory was built on the site. The only remains of the castle today being the cellars under the rectory.
The Church of Ireland was represented within the village by the Parish Church of Faughanvale which was built in 1626. It was later superseded by a new Parish Church constructed in 1821 with the ruins of the old church being extant within the adjacent graveyard.
The Presbyterian Church was represented in the village with the building of the first church in 1730. Prior to this, the congregation formed part of the Glendermott Congregation in the city of Londonderry. The original church was built in the townland of Tullanee just east of the village. The existing much larger church, Faughanvale Presbyterian Church, was built in 1894 with the help of donations from fellow citizens of the congregation who had some time earlier emigrated to the United States. Nothing remains of the original church which stood in what is now the Presbyterian Church graveyard immediately to the rear of the new church.
There were several other places called Muff at the time, especially one nearby in Donegal which created much confusion. The residents of the village resolved to afford of the opportunity to change the name. Therefore, on 19 August 1858, the village of Muff became Eglinton in honour of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, the 13th Earl of Eglinton who was visiting the nearby Templemoyle Agricultural School at the time. The school was opened in 1826 aimed at teaching new agricultural methods but eventually closed in 1865. The building remained disused for many years before being converted into a nursing home in the 1990s. In the nearby Foyle Park House, a Literary School was built in 1813 by the last tenant farmer, David Babington.
Thomas Gallagher (1840–1927), the miller's son of Templemoyle, was the founder of the famous tobacco firm of Gallaghers, now renamed the Gallaher Group. His relatives lived in The Glen House in the centre of Eglinton village until the 1950s.
One of the oldest buildings today is the Erasmus Smith schoolhouse erected in 1812 beside the old national school of 1886, both now private residences. The Grocers did not resume active management of the estate until 1823 when they rebuilt the village.
Among the buildings erected by the Grocers' Company in 1823-5 were the Rectory, a Courthouse or Market house, the latter an unusually well designed building by Nicholson which included a dispensary (the wall plaques outside the former courthouse are the Grocers and David Babingtons coat of arms), a Manor house for the Grocers agent and the Glen house. All of which are still to be seen today. They also built a row of cottages for local widows which was known until quite recently as Widow's Row (now renamed Cottage Row) and tradesmen's houses along Main Street. The millers house opposite the Happy Landing public house became the old R I C barracks until the present police station was built. The Grocers sold the village in 1874 to Mr James Davidson from Brechin, and his descendants reside in the manor house to this day.
During the Second World War, RAF Station Eglinton was home to many Royal Air Force and later to Naval personnel. Many old buildings currently in a state of disrepair, evidence their presence, and can still be seen dotted around the outskirts of the village. The airfield was a major airfield for flights over the North Atlantic, their tasks included searching for U-boats and acting as air cover for convoys. Several aircraft crashed in the vicinity of the village and the nearby airfield with several pilots and aircrew being buried locally in the Parish Church and Presbyterian Church graveyards. These brave heroes are always remembered on each and every armistice Sunday.
Up until recently, Eglinton experienced phenomenal growth due to the large number of new private houses which were constructed in and around the village resulting in the arrival of many newcomers from far and afield.
Transport
- Eglinton railway station opened on 29 November 1852 and finally closed on 2 July 1973.[6]
- City of Derry Airport, formerly RAF Eglinton, is nearby.
- The A2 between City of Derry Airport and Maydown is a dual carriageway which provides a high-speed link between the village and the city of Londonderry.
Outside links
References
- ↑ "And coronations too". The Conservation Volunteers in Northern Ireland. http://www.cvni.org/ort/commemorative-trees/and-coronations-too. Retrieved 2012-08-04.
- ↑ "Muff Glen Forest". Northern Ireland Forest Service. http://www.forestserviceni.gov.uk/index/forests-in-northern-ireland/forests-in-the-east-region/muff-glen-forest.htm. Retrieved 2010-01-14.
- ↑ http://www.nats-uk.ead-it.com/aip/current/ad/EGAE/EG_AD_2_EGAE_en.pdf
- ↑ http://www.derrycity.gov.uk/inquiry/downloads/Airport%20Independent%20Inquiry.pdf
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 PlaceNames NI: Muff (or Eglinton)
- ↑ "Eglinton station" (PDF). Railscot - Irish Railways. http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf. Retrieved 2007-10-13.