Macclesfield Forest
Macclesfield Forest is an area of woodland, predominantly conifer plantation, in Cheshire, located around three miles south-east of Macclesfield in a civil parish named 'Macclesfield Forest and Wildboarclough. The existing woodland is the last substantial remnant of the Royal Forest of Macclesfield, a once-extensive ancient hunting reserve.
The area also includes two reservoirs, Trentabank and Ridgegate.
The Macclesfield Forest lies on the western edge of the Peak District (and is partly inside the boundary of the National Park). The hills of Tegg's Nose and Shutlingsloe stand to the north-west and south-east, respectively; the moorland of High Moor lies to the south and the Goyt Valley lies to the west.
Nearby villages include Langley and Wildboarclough.
Macclesfield Forest is owned by United Utilities. Most of the woodland is designated a Site of Biological Importance, while part of the area including Trentabank Reservoir is a nature reserve managed by the Cheshire Wildlife Trust; the reserve contains a large heronry. Other wildlife includes a small herd of red deer.
Recreational uses of the area include walking, orienteering, horse riding, cycling, mountain biking, fishing and bird watching.
History
The area is believed to have been occupied during the Bronze Age; there is a Bronze Age barrow near High Low Farm to the west of Macclesfield Forest and another earthwork east of the forest near Toot Hill.
After the Norman Conquest the modern area known as Macclesfield Forest formed part of the much larger region of the Royal forest of Macclesfield, a hunting reserve owned by the Earls of Chester, which formerly stretched from the foothills of the Pennines east into the High Peak near Whaley Bridge and south to the Staffordshire Moorlands.[1]
South of the forest stands the Greenway Cross (SJ955692), a standing stone carved on each side with a cross, which was probably erected as a waymarker by Dieulacres Abbey in Leek during the Middle Ages. Tradition holds that poachers in the royal forest were executed at a nearby gallows, which might be the source of the name of the Hanging Gate public house, from the Norse gata, meaning "path".
Ridgegate Reservoir was constructed in the late 19th century to provide drinking water for the town of Macclesfield, with Trentabank Reservoir following in the 1920s.[2] The conifer plantation largely dates from 1930–50, and was planted around the reservoirs to protect water catchment areas from pollution.
Geography and ecology
Macclesfield Forest lies on the western edge of the Peak District, within the South West Peak. The eastern two-thirds of the forest fall within the Peak District National Park, and the area has been covered by the Park's ranger service since the 1970s.[3] A total of 991 acres has been designated a Site of Biological Importance (grade A); an area of 47 acres, including all of Trentabank Reservoir, was also made a non-statutory nature reserve in 1982, and is managed by the Cheshire Wildlife Trust.[4]
The area ranges in elevation from around 740 feet to 1,560 feet, and includes two hills, Toot Hill (SJ970719) in the east and Nessit Hill (SJ962706) in the south. Within the forest are two reservoirs, Trentabank (SJ962713) and Ridgegate (SJ954713), which are fed by Bollin Brook. They are the highest of a series of four reservoirs, the lower two being the Bottoms and Teggsnose Reservoirs, south of Tegg's Nose.
A continuous area of approximately 990 acres is covered with woodland or plantation. The forest is actively managed for timber by United Utilities. The local council plans to increase the area of the former royal forest that is covered by woodland. The predominant species are Sitka spruce and Japanese Larch, with some Scots Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Corsican pine and Norway Spruce. There are also areas of semi-natural mixed and broadleaved woodland, mainly oak, sycamore and beech; in 2004, broadleaved species made up 23% of the total, although current forestry management aims to increase the proportion. The woodland supports mosses and thirty species of fungi, including fly agaric, stinkhorns, honey fungus and the sickener. The area also includes areas of acidic unimproved upland grassland, including approximately a hectare within the Trentabank nature reserve; this supports species including bluebell, tormentil, pignut, birdsfoot trefoil, foxglove and lesser knapweed, while the reservoir margins support aquatic plants including amphibious bistort, |water mint, Water Horsetail and common spikerush.[4]
A heronry is located by Trentabank Reservoir within the reserve; with around twenty-two nests, it is the largest in the Peak District.[4] The heronry is visible from several viewpoints, and close-up CCTV pictures of the nests can also be seen in the Trentabank ranger station. Other birds observed in the woodland include crossbills, siskins, goldcrests, pied flycatchers, garden warblers, blackcaps and woodcocks, while the reservoirs support abundant waterfowl including cormorants, coots, goldeneyes, pochard, mallards, tufted ducks, teal, great crested grebe, little grebe and common sandpipers.[4] A herd of around twelve red deer, the remnant of the royal forest herd, still frequents the forest.[2][4] Small mammals present in the woodland include badgers and weasels.
Sights and activities
St Stephen's Church, known as Forest Chapel, is located immediately to the east of Macclesfield Forest at SJ974721. In pink sandstone with a stone and slate roof, the church dates originally from 1673; the chancel and nave were rebuilt in 1831. It is a Grade II listed building.[5] St Stephen's still holds a rush-bearing ceremony every August, in which rushes are cut from nearby fields and marshes and strewn on the church floor and plaited into decorations as a symbol of renewal. The tradition ceased in most other churches in the 17th century. Other attractions in the area include a small arboretum near the Trentabank ranger station.
Several public footpaths, concessionary paths and bridleways cross the area. Three circular walks of different lengths a half to five and a half miles are waymarked for exploration of the forest area; one is suitable for wheelchair access. Additionally, the "Walk to the Forest" is a waymarked circular trail of seven miles linking Macclesfield Forest with Tegg's Nose hill.
Macclesfield Forest is also the starting point of a popular ascent of Shutlingsloe.
The Gritstone Trail long-distance footpath runs immediately to the west of the forest, and the Peak District Boundary Walk runs through the forest.[6] The forest area is used for orienteering events.
There are several mountain biking routes, including both off-road trails and routes on country lanes.[7]
Fishing is permitted on the Ridgegate Reservoir; the fishing rights are leased by the Macclesfield and District Fly Fishing Club.
Location
- Location map: 53°14’17"N, 2°3’14"W
Outside links
- Photographs and visitor information on Macclesfield Forest: Cheshire Now
- United Utilities: Macclesfield Forest
References
- ↑ "Jones G. An Atlas of Forests and Chases in England and Wales, c. 1000 to c. 1850". St John's College Research Centre, University of Oxford. http://info.sjc.ox.ac.uk/forests/ForestMapTiles.html.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Macclesfield Forest". United Utilities. http://www.unitedutilities.com/?OBH=445&ID=3512.
- ↑ "Ranger Service: The history of the ranger service". Peak District National Park Authority. http://www.peakdistrict.org/index/looking-after/rangers/history.htm.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Trentabank Reservoir: Cheshire Wildlife Trust
- ↑ National Heritage List 1136676: Church of St Stephen (Forest Chapel) (Grade II listing)
- ↑ McCloy, Andrew (2017). Peak District Boundary Walk: 190 Miles Around the Edge of the National Park. Friends of the Peak District. ISBN 978-1909461536.
- ↑ "UK Trails & Tracks: Macclesfield Forest". moredirt. http://www.moredirt.co.uk/trail/North-West/Macclesfield-Forest/212/.