Botolphs
| Botolphs | |
| Sussex | |
|---|---|
 St. Botolph's parish church | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | TQ193093 |
| Location: | 50°52’16"N, 0°18’22"W |
| Data | |
| Post town: | Steyning |
| Postcode: | BN44 |
| Dialling code: | 01903 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Horsham |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Arundel and South Downs |
Botolphs, formerly known as Annington, is a tiny village in Sussex in the valley of the River Adur a mile and a half south-east of Steyning on the road between Steyning and Coombes. Botolphs is on the route of the South Downs Way long-distance footpath.
Parish church
The ancient parish church, St Botolph's is dated from 950 and large parts of the Saxon building remain, particularly in the chancel arch, and in the south wall of the nave. The tower was added in the mid-13th century, as was the chancel, replacing a Saxon apse.
The church was dedicated to St Peter in the earliest Norman records, and the community was then called Annington. It seems likely that an original dedication to St Botolph was considered obscure by the Norman invaders, and the church was therefore rededicated. This was a common practice. However, the original dedication lived on in community memory, and eventually prevailed. By the 13th century almost all references are to "St Botolph's Church" and the 14th century saw the last known recorded reference to "St Peter's Church".[1] By a process of association the village acquired the name of Botolphs. The name Annington also survives, as a hamlet between Botolphs and Bramber.
Population and economy
Botolphs is a linear village. There is only one surfaced road, the country lane between Steyning and Lancing. The neighbouring hamlet of Annington and village of Coombes are also both on this road. There are some dirt tracks leading to more remote homes, such as the house Tin Pots that dominates many postcard views of the village but is some distance from the road. Most residents live in houses along the surfaced road.
Botolphs once had a sizeable population with the tidal River Adur supporting both navigation and salt extraction. The decline of both industries (largely due to the silting of the river) led to a rapid contraction, and in 1534 the ecclesiastical parish of Botolphs was united with that of Bramber. The village population has remained fairly constant from then to the present day, at around 50 to 60 people.
After the decline of the shipping and salt industries, the only real economy for the village for many years was farming. In the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries the Steyning Line railway supported the local economy with platelayer's cottages built near the church. Today the major industry in the community is farming. There are also some light industrial units at the Annington Industrial Estate in the neighbouring hamlet. Most residents work outside the community, some commuting to London.
Manor
The manor was once held by members of the Levett family, a Sussex family of Norman origin, who probably inherited by marriage from the Merlots.[1] In 1585 Lawrence Levett of Hollington died in possession of the manor of Botolphs, which he left to his sister Maria, wife of Thomas Eversfield. It remained with the Eversfield family for several centuries until it was bought by Charles Goring.[2][3]
The Saint Mary Magdalene leper hospital was located in neighbouring Bramber, in the area now known as Maudlyn (a corruption of Magdalene). The leprous inmates were not allowed to attend Bramber's fashionable castle church and were sent instead to observe the mass at Botolphs, where two leper squints were provided in the chancel walls.[citation needed]
Inside Botolph's church the walls bear many plaques commemorating the local Penfold family, whose descendants emigrated to Australia and are now famous for wine production under the Penfolds label.
Outside links
 |
("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Botolphs) |
- Botolphs in the Domesday Book
References
- Cary-Elwes, Dudley George; Robinson, Charles John (1876). A History of the Castles, Mansions and Manors of Western Sussex. London, Lewes: Longman, George P. Bacon. pp. 40–41. https://archive.org/details/ahistorycastles00elwegoog. "levit sussex."
- A History of the County of Sussex - Volume 6 pp 195-199: Bramber Rape (Southern Part) (Victoria County History)}
- Lower, Mark Antony (1870). A Compendious History of Sussex, Topographical, Archæological & Anecdotical. I. Lewes, London, Brighton: George P. Bacon, John Russell Smith, W.J. Smith. p. 68. https://books.google.com/books?id=o28uAAAAMAAJ&q=levitt+annington+sussex&pg=PA68.
- Nikolaus Pevsner: The Buildings of England: Sussex, 1965 Penguin Books ISBN 978-0-300-09677-4page 113