RAF Valley

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RAF Valley
A RAF Hawk T1 flying over RAF Valley.
Code IATA: VLY, ICAO: EGOV
County Anglesey
Badge of the Royal Air Force
Owner Ministry of Defence
Operator Royal Air Force
Location Valley
SH30947534
53°14’53"N, 4°32’7"W
Runway(s) 22,900 feet (Asphalt)
5,377 feet (Asphalt)
Website raf.mod.uk/rafvalley

RAF Valley is a Royal Air Force station on the island of Anglesey, and which is also used as Anglesey Airport. The RAF base provides fast-jet training using the BAE Systems Hawk and provides search and rescue training for aircrew using the Jupiter T1 helicopter.

History

Second World War

The airfield was constructed in the latter part of 1940 and opened for operations on 1 February 1941 as a Fighter Sector Station under No. 9 Group RAF with the task of providing defence cover for industrial Lancashire and shipping in the Irish Sea. Initial detachments were made by Hawker Hurricanes of 312 and 615 Squadrons. A detachment of Bristol Beaufighters of 219 Squadron provided night fighter cover.[1]

Royal Air Force 1939-1945 Fighter Command armourers relaxing

No. 456 Squadron Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) formed at Valley on 30 June 1941 and became operational on 5 September flying Boulton Paul Defiants. By November the squadron had completely re-equipped with Beaufighter IIs, and these provided defensive night patrols over the Irish Sea until March 1943, when the unit moved away.[2]

As a result of many accidents in the Irish Sea, due to the number of training aircraft active in the area, 275 Squadron formed at Valley in October 1941, equipped with Westland Lysanders and Supermarine Walrus amphibians and these performed air-sea rescue missions until the unit moved away in April 1944.[3]

The runways and taxiways were extended in early 1943 and on 19 June 1943 the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) Ferry Terminal became operational. This handled American aircraft arriving from transatlantic flights and on European sorties. Eleven B-24 Liberators of the United States Navy arrived from Iceland on 17 August. During the winter of 1943/1944, the ferry route was switched to a southerly route via the Azores and Marrakesh and on 18 February, 62 Douglas C-47s arrived from North Africa. One of Valley's busiest days was on 17 September 1944 when 99 USAAF Boeing B-17s and Liberators were ferried in from Iceland. In the middle of 1944 there was a daily transatlantic Douglas C-54 Skymaster service from Stephenville, Newfoundland bringing airmen of all ranks, who continued their journeys to London by train from Holyhead.[4]

Gate Guardian: a Hawker Hunter WV396

Because of the large scale USAAF activities at Valley, RAF operations were scaled down, but on 1 November 1944, No. 1528 BAT Flight re-formed here operating Airspeed Oxford twin-engined aircraft which were used in the Beam Approach training role until moving out on 17 December 1945.[5]

RAF Valley's USAAF ferry role was reversed as soon as the European War ended and over 2,600 bombers passed through on their way back to the US for re-deployment, each carrying 20 passengers and crew. The USAAF Movement Section closed in September 1945, and in June 1947 the airfield was put on a care and maintenance basis.[6]

Postwar operations

4 FTS Gnat T.1 trainers in the Valley maintenance hangar in 1967

During 1950 many improvements were made to the hangars and buildings at Valley and on 1 April 1951 No. 202 Advanced Flying School was reformed here in No. 25 Group to train fighter pilots on Vampire and Meteor jet aircraft. Vampire FB.5 and T.11 and Meteor T.7 marks were used until the unit was re-designated No. 7 Flying Training School (FTS) on 1 June 1954.[7] On 15 August 1960 the unit was renumbered No. 4 Flying Training School RAF which is still based at the airfield.[8]

The first Folland Gnat jet trainers were received on 7 November 1962 and many examples of the type were successfully operated for many years. These were supplemented by Hawker Hunters for advanced training, marks F.6 and T.7 being used. The first BAE Hawks arrived on 11 November 1976 and this type is still in use by 4 FTS.[8]

RAF Valley previously hosted the Headquarters and 'C Flight' of No. 22 Squadron, part of the RAF's Search and Rescue Force. By October 2015, the RAF SAR Force had been relieved of their responsibility by a new contractor-led operation, run by Bristow Helicopters, and the nearest SAR unit is now based at Caernarfon Airport. The RAF Operational Conversion Unit, 203(R) Squadron, was also based at Valley to train new aircrew onto the Westland Sea King HAR.3/3A, and prepare them for their SAR operations. Prince William, Duke of Cambridge was assigned to C Flight, 22 Squadron at RAF Valley, as a pilot flying the Sea King search and rescue helicopter. He finished his last shift as a pilot on Tuesday 10 September 2013.[9]

No. 208(R) Squadron, which provided legacy Hawk T1 advanced flying training and tactical weapons training disbanded in June 2016.[10]

In September 2017, a project to upgrade the airfield was completed. The project involved resurfacing of the runway and link taxiways and the creation of a new section of airside perimeter road. New visual aids, aeronautical lighting and signage were installed. A hangar was refurbished to accommodate three Jupiter HT1 helicopters which will be used to train pilots from all three British armed services, as part of the UK Military Flying Training System (UKMFTS).[11] On 20 March 2018 a BAE Systems Hawk of the Red Arrows aerobatic team crashed, killing Corporal Jonathan Bayliss, an engineer.[12] The pilot, Flight Lt David Stark, survived and was treated in hospital for non-life-threatening injuries.[12]

Due to increased demand for RAF and Royal Navy pilots, No. 25 Squadron reformed at Valley on 8 September 2018. The squadron operates the Hawk T2 alongside No. 4 Squadron as part of No. 4 Flying Training School.[13][14]

Role and operations

An Airbus H145 Jupiter of the Defence Helicopter Flying School

No. 4 Flying Training School (No. 4 FTS) takes Royal Air Force and Royal Navy pilots from No. 1 FTS at RAF Linton-on-Ouse and trains them to fly fast jets, prior to training on an Operational Conversion Unit. No. 4 FTS consist of two units, No. 4 Squadron and No. 25 Squadron, both flying the BAE Hawk T2 and providing all RAF and RN fast jet student pilot training.[15]

The base is also home to No. 202 Squadron, part of the Defence Helicopter Flying School, flying three Airbus Jupiter HT1. The squadron trains RAF and Royal Navy students on maritime and mountain flying training and those who are destined for the Royal Navy's anti-submarine warfare Merlin or Wildcat.[16]

Civilian airport

Main article: Anglesey Airport

Since 2007, public service obligation flights have ben launched from RAF Valley in April 2007, connecting north Wales with Cardiff Airport.[17]

Outside links

Commons-logo.svg
 ("Wikimedia Commons" has material
about RAF Valley)

References

  1. ↑ Smith, 1981, p. 196
  2. ↑ Halley, 1988, p. 478
  3. ↑ Halley, 1988, p. 342
  4. ↑ Smith, 1981, p. 199
  5. ↑ Sturtivant, 1997, p. 139
  6. ↑ Smith, 1981, p. 200
  7. ↑ Sturtivant, 1997, p. 39
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Sturtivant, 1997, p. 153
  9. ↑ "BBC News - 12th September 2013". BBC. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24065166. Retrieved 24 December 2013. 
  10. ↑ "RAF Valley Hawks jet to make last ever flight today". Daily Post. 13 April 2016. http://www.dailypost.co.uk/news/north-wales-news/raf-valley-hawks-jet-make-11177904. Retrieved 14 April 2016. 
  11. ↑ "RAF Valley’s future secure for next 25 years as restoration work is completed" (in en). 26 September 2017. https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive/raf-valleys-future-secure-for-next-25-years-as-restoration-work-is-completed-26092017. Retrieved 1 January 2018. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Red Arrows crash: Cpl Jonathan Bayliss named as victim". BBC News. 21 March 2018. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-43492368. Retrieved 24 March 2018. 
  13. ↑ "No. 25 Squadron returning to fly the Hawk T2" (in en-gb). 1 August 2018. https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/articles/no-25-squadron-returning-to-fly-the-hawk-t2/. Retrieved 28 October 2018. 
  14. ↑ [0=68.ARAMJ4iLGtPTDbWNZ8-7-6gOLZMFRTUtHneqMVGfkLKZlZW8oeFKJNVR4QzIdF1TJ6RyIWn-N3A9SCIuFGhhDFNVAtzedn3hBKfvA9GtwZkF1gkSa6WKBTo1KCq-xtWN6Okr9RqSg3HJkVc3IphJbEe7TS3PCxCUOt0aE-sjeGgETpmk76unGhYq5elxkk8tTJMu0OERL8UVUPDpby2WIbTz6sM&__tn__=-R "RAF Valley"]. 8 September 2018. https://www.facebook.com/RAFValley/posts/1905984886158927?__xts__[0]=68.ARAMJ4iLGtPTDbWNZ8-7-6gOLZMFRTUtHneqMVGfkLKZlZW8oeFKJNVR4QzIdF1TJ6RyIWn-N3A9SCIuFGhhDFNVAtzedn3hBKfvA9GtwZkF1gkSa6WKBTo1KCq-xtWN6Okr9RqSg3HJkVc3IphJbEe7TS3PCxCUOt0aE-sjeGgETpmk76unGhYq5elxkk8tTJMu0OERL8UVUPDpby2WIbTz6sM&__tn__=-R. Retrieved 28 October 2018. 
  15. ↑ "No. 25 Squadron returning to fly the Hawk T2". 1 August 2018. https://www.raf.mod.uk/news/articles/no-25-squadron-returning-to-fly-the-hawk-t2/. Retrieved 1 August 2018. 
  16. ↑ "RAF Valley based Search & Rescue Training Unit becomes 202 (Reserve) Sqn". Royal Air Force. 6 May 2016. http://www.raf.mod.uk/news/archive/raf-valley-based-search--rescue-training-unit-becomes-202-reserve-sqn-06052016. Retrieved 6 May 2016. 
  17. ↑ "North-south airline is revealed". BBC News. 21 February 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/6380141.stm. 
  • Halley, J.J. (1988). The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth 1918-1988. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-164-9. 
  • Smith, D.J. (1981). Action Stations : 3 - Military Airfields of Wales and the North-West. Patrick Stephens Limited. ISBN 0-85059-485-5. 
  • Sturtivant, R.C. (1997). Royal Air Force Flying Training and Support Units. Air-Britain (Historians) Limited. ISBN 0-85130-252-1. 
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