Goddards, York
- Not to be confused with Goddards, Surrey
| Goddards House and Garden | |
|
National Trust | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Goddards | |
| Grid reference: | SE58914972 |
| Location: | 53°56’25"N, 1°6’15"W |
| Information | |
| Website: | Goddards House and Garden |
Goddards is an Arts and Crafts house in Dringhouses, now a suburb on the west side of the City of York (and thus within the West Riding of Yorkshire). The house was built in 1927 for Noel and Kathleen Terry of the famed chocolate-manufacturing family Terry's with the house designed by local architect Walter Brierley and the garden by George Dillistone.
The National Trust acquired the property in 1984 to use as regional offices and the garden and parts of the house are open to visitors with displays telling the story of the family and their confectionery business. The house is a Grade I listed building and the carriage entrance to the property is Grade II* listed.
Contents
Design
House
Goddards was the last major project of Walter Brierley who died in 1926 whilst the house was still under construction. His own home (Bishopsbarns), in St George's Place, York, was in the same street in which lived Noel and Kathleen Terry, and half a mile from Goddards.[1] One of the notable architectural features of the house is the vaulted ceiling in the drawing room which is similar to Brierley’s own home with the plasterwork in both houses attributed to George Bankart,[2] probably George P Bankart in both cases, rather than his son George E Bankart, with whom he wrote books about the craft.[3]
The National Heritage List for England describes Goddards as “the finest surviving example of the work of Walter Brierley, the Lutyens of the north”,[4] and it still retains many of the original fixtures including its Arts and Crafts wallpapers and panelling and the staircase with its oak carving. The exterior of the house features handmade locally produced bricks arranged in geometric patterns and decorative chimney stacks typical of a Brierley building.
Goddards was built by William Anelay whose initial estimate for the project, including the carriage entrance, was £25,980, however the work suffered a number of delays and was not finished until after the family had moved into the house.[5]
Garden
In 1925 George Dillistone, a landscape architect from Tunbridge Wells who worked with Edwin Lutyens at Castle Drogo, was hired to design the garden at Goddards. The design evolved over a number of years and plans were still being developed as late as 1935. In-keeping with the Arts and Crafts style of the house the garden was divided the four acre garden at Goddards into several distinct areas, including a terrace and a series of rooms separated by shrubs, hedges and a herbaceous border.[6][7] These enclosures included a tennis court (restored in 2016) and a bowling green used as a croquet lawn.[8] The garden slopes downwards from the terrace to York Racecourse, (Knavesmire) across which it was possible to walk to where, in 1926, Terry's had built their factory,[9] with its distinctive clock tower visible from the garden.[10] Typical of this style of garden the landscaping becomes less formal further from the house with paths leading down through a rock garden at the far end of the garden.[6] The layout of the garden with its rooms, use of topography and structural features such as the terrace are all elements which illustrate the Arts and Crafts nature of the garden.[11] The wildlife in the garden includes a colony of midwife toads[12] and it was once home to a number of exotic pets including axolotls and green lizards.[13] In 2016 the National Trust revealed plans to recreate the original planting schemes drawn up by Dillistone almost ninety years earlier.[14]
Carriage entrance
Brierley was also the architect for the gatehouse at the entrance to Goddards, a red brick structure with staircase turrets[15] which incorporates a flat roofed motor house.[16] It was the home of the Terry's chauffeur.[17]
The Terry Family at Goddards
Noel had married Kathleen Leetham in 1915 but he was soon sent to France due to the First World War and in 1916 was wounded at the Battle of the Somme whilst serving with the 5th West Yorkshire Regiment. After he returned home they started a family together and by the end of 1925 had two sons, Peter and Kenneth, and a daughter, Betty, and plans to move to a larger house. From 1927 Goddards would become the family home of the Terry's and their children - with their youngest son Richard being born the following year. The name of the house came from Noel Terry's middle name, which was that of his grandmother, Frances Goddard, first wife of Joseph Terry.[9]
By the 1930s Noel had become a managing director at Terry’s and it was at this time that the company introduced two of their most famous products – Terry's All Gold and the Chocolate Orange.[9]
When production was interrupted by the Second World War Noel became a Controller with the Royal Observer Corps and was awarded an MBE in 1943.[1][18] His son Kenneth served in the RAF and was awarded the DFC in 1942. He died in 1944 and is commemorated on the local war memorial (also by Brierley).[1] Noel continued to work at Terry's until 1970, and his son Peter, who had joined Terry's in 1945, became deputy managing director.[9]
Although the house was built in the Arts and Crafts style it would become furnished with a large assortment of Georgian furniture and clocks which Noel Terry collected throughout his life. His interest in history also led to his involvement with York Civic Trust, of which he was honorary treasurer for many years. After Noel and Kathleen died in 1980 Noel’s collection was put on display at Fairfax House, in York, a Georgian house museum renovated by the Civic Trust.[19]
Family connections
Kathleen's sister Constance Leetham Terry was one of the first women to be admitted to The Physiological Society in 1915.[20] She was married to Noel's brother J. E. Harold Terry, a novelist and playwright.[21] Noel's sister Kathleen Betsy married Air Marshal Jack Baldwin[22]
National Trust era
When the National Trust took over Goddards it was initially only for use as regional offices rather than a visitor attraction, however the garden was opened to the public in 2006 and the house in 2012.[23]
The rooms contain period furniture which is used to recreate the atmosphere of the 1930s when the house was at its busiest and the family business at its zenith.[8]
As well as owning a chocolate factory Terry's also had its own tearoom and shop in York, whose cakes are the inspiration for food now served in the dining room at Goddards.[24] Exhibits at Goddards include decorative packaging from Terry's chocolates and a scale model of the Terry's factory.[25][26]
Outside links
- Goddards House and Garden - National Trust
- National Heritage List 1256461: Goddards and Attached Gateway
- National Heritage List 1256505: Carriage Entrance to Goddards
- Fairfax House - Noel Terry Collection
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 The Terry Trail - dlhg.weebly.com
- ↑ National Heritage List 1256793: Bishopsbarns
- ↑ George Percy Bankart:'Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951' (University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII)
- ↑ National Heritage List 1256461: Goddards House and Garden
- ↑ "GODDARDS THROUGH THE AGES: Noel Terry's former home hits 90". York Press. 24 August 2017. http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/features/features/15490349.GODDARDS_THROUGH_THE_AGES__Noel_Terry_s_former_home_hits_90/. Retrieved 14 November 2017.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "National Trust Goddards House and Garden: The Gardens". https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/goddards-house-and-garden/features/the-gardens-at-goddards-. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
- ↑ "Arts Buildings Collections Bulletin: Summer Issue August 2013" (pdf). National Trust. pp. 9-10. https://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/documents/abc-bulletin-summer-2013.pdf. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Anyone for tennis at home of chocolate dynasty?". The Yorkshire Post. 19 June 2016. http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/anyone-for-tennis-at-home-of-chocolate-dynasty-1-7971987. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "Goddards". 30 November 2015. https://houseandheritage.org/2015/11/30/goddards/. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
- ↑ "Building of the Month: Terry's Clock Tower,York". April 2016. http://www.c20society.org.uk/botm/terrys-clock-tower-york/. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
- ↑ Rutherford, Sarah (2013). The Arts and Crafts Garden (shire library). Bloomsbury. p. 19–21. ISBN 9780747813453. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rQ3DCwAAQBAJ.
- ↑ "Yorks Gardens and Green spaces". http://mediafiles.thedms.co.uk/Publication/YK/cms/pdf/11-media-experience-Gardens%20and%20Green%20Spaces%202013.pdf. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
- ↑ "Animal sculptures go on display at Goddards". 14 August 2013. http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/10610474.Animal_sculptures_go_on_display_at_Goddards/. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
- ↑ "Historic design of York stately home’s gardens to be recreated 90 years on". The Yorkshire Post. 15 July 2016. http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/historic-design-of-york-stately-home-s-gardens-to-be-recreated-90-years-on-1-8015405. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
- ↑ National Heritage List 1256505: No 25 including Carriage Entrance
- ↑ Smith, Pete: 'The Motor Car and the Country House: Historical Buildings Report' (Research Department Report Series no.94-2010: English Heritage) ISSN 1749-8775
- ↑ Wilson, Van: 'The Story of Terry's' (York Oral History Society, 2009) page 77. ISBN 0951365258
- ↑ London Gazette; issue 36035, 28 May 1943 (page 2498)
- ↑ "Noel Terry & His Collection". http://www.fairfaxhouse.co.uk/fairfax-house/explore/noel-terry/. Retrieved 27 June 2016.
- ↑ "100 years of women members: The Society’s centenary of women’s admission". https://www.physoc.org/sites/default/files/press-release/2175-women-members.pdf. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
- ↑ "Who's Who 1926 - p.2861 - Terry (Joseph Edward) Harold". https://archive.org/details/whoswho1926001356mbp. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
- ↑ "Royal Air Force (RAF) Officers 1939-1945:B". http://www.unithistories.com/officers/RAF_officers_B01.html. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
- ↑ "Goddards - National Trust opens York house built by Terry's chocolate". Yorkshire Life. 7 September 2012. http://www.yorkshirelife.co.uk/people/goddards_national_trust_opens_york_house_built_by_terry_s_chocolate_1_1571587. Retrieved 23 June 2016.
- ↑ "A house built on chocolate". York Press. 20 July 2012. http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/features/features/9828825.A_house_built_on_chocolate/. Retrieved 2 July 2016.
- ↑ Mike Laycock (13 July 2015). "New exhibition on history of Terry's to open in York". York Press. http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/13410313.New_exhibition_on_history_of_Terry_s_to_open_in_York/. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
- ↑ "How York chocolate boss used to live – pictures". YorkMix. 24 July 2012. http://www.yorkmix.com/things-to-do/how-york-chocolate-boss-used-to-live-pictures/. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
