Devenish Island
Devenish or Devinish[1] is an island in Lower Lough Erne, in Fermanagh. Aligned roughly north–south, it is about one and a quarter miles long and two-thirds of a mile wide. The main place to get a ferry to the island is at Trory Point, just outside Enniskillen.
The island's name is from the old Irish name Daimhinis, meaning "Ox island".
Devenish Island is owned by the Kilravock Christian Trust.[2]
Features
Devenish contains one of the finest monastic sites in Northern Ireland. A round tower thought to date from the 12th century is situated on the island, as are the walls of the Oratory of Saint Molaise who established the monastery in the 6th century,[3] on a pilgrim route to Croagh Patrick in County Mayo.
The island became a centre of scholarship and although raided by Vikings in 837 and burned in 1157, it later flourished as the site of the parish church and St Mary's Augustinian Priory.
There are extensive low earthworks on the hillside, but the earliest buildings are St Molaise's House (a very small church) and the fine round tower close by, both with accomplished Romanesque decoration of the 12th century. The round tower is some 100 feet tall and can be climbed using internal ladders. It features a sculptured Romanesque cornice of heads and ornament under the conical stone roof.[3] Nearby is a cross carved with spiral patterns and human heads. There are also several cross-slabs, one with an interlace design and a mediæval carved cross. Near the round tower, the foundations of another tower were found, which the present tower probably superseded.[4]
The smallest of the three churches (Mo-Laisse's House, named after the founder of the monastery) dates from the late 12th or early 13th century. It has narrow antae with bases carved with classical motifs. Only the lower parts of the walls and some of the roofstones survive.[4]
Teampull Mór, the lower church, dates from the early 13th century with a beautifully moulded south window. It was extended to the east in about 1300, and later additions include a residential wing to the north and the Maguire Chapel to the south, with 17th-century heraldic slabs.
On the hilltop sits St Mary's Augustinian Priory which is of the mid-15th century and early 16th century, with church, tower and small north cloister. The priory has an intricately carved mid-15th-century high cross in its graveyard.[3]
There are several hundred loose architectural fragments on the site and among them are over 40 stones from an otherwise lost, richly-decorated Romanesque church. Some of the many loose stones are displayed and set in their historical context in the small visitor centre.
Conservation
The monastic remains including churches, round tower etc. are State Care Historic Monuments in the townland of Devenish, at H224469.[5] The monastic site (area surrounding the state care monument, grid ref: H224 469) and the rath (grid ref: H2215 4768) are Scheduled Historic Monuments.[6]
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Devenish Island) |
- Map: 54°22’20"N, 7°39’28"W
- Devenish Island Graveyard Survey
- Virtual tour of Devenish Island Monastic Site – Virtual Visit Northern Ireland
References
- ↑ "Placenames Database of Ireland: Devinish". http://www.logainm.ie/1165997.aspx.
- ↑ Kilravock Christian Trust
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 O'Neill, B (ed) (2002). Irish Cathedrals, Churches and Abbeys. London: Caxton Editions. p. 63.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Weir, A (1980). Early Ireland. A Field Guide. Belfast: Blackstaff Press. p. 144. ISBN 0-85640-212-5.
- ↑ "State Care Historic Monuments" (PDF). Environment and Heritage Service. March 2007. http://www.ehsni.gov.uk/state_care_monuments_2007.pdf. Retrieved 3 December 2007.
- ↑ "Scheduled Historic Monuments" (PDF). Environment and Heritage Service. March 2007. Archived from the original on 5 November 2008. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20081105170858/http://www.ehsni.gov.uk/scheduled_monuments1to31mar07.pdf. Retrieved 3 December 2007.
- Curtis, Liz (2004). "Ancient Island Sites on Lough Erne". Culture Northern Ireland. http://www.culturenorthernireland.org/article.aspx?art_id=746. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
- "Devenish Island". Enniskillen.com. http://www.enniskillen.com/devenish_island.htm. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
- "Devenish Monastic Site". Northern Ireland Environment Agency. http://www.ni-environment.gov.uk/places/monuments/devenish.shtml. Retrieved 19 March 2009.
Books
- Donnelly, Colm J (1997). Living Places. Institute of Irish Studies. ISBN 978-0-85389-475-9.
