Chelmsley Wood
| Chelmsley Wood | |
| Warwickshire | |
|---|---|
 The Royal Mail building in the town centre | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SP1886 |
| Location: | 52°28’34"N, 1°43’45"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 12,453 (2011) |
| Post town: | Birmingham |
| Postcode: | B37 |
| Dialling code: | 0121 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Solihull |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Meriden |
Chelmsley Wood is a town in Warwickshire that forms part of the West Midlands conurbation, with a population of 12,453.[1] It is located near Birmingham Airport and the National Exhibition Centre on the eastern edge of the conurbation. It lies about eight miles east of Birmingham City Centre. There are several bus routes linking the town to Birmingham and to Solihull town centre five miles to the south.
In 1966 Birmingham Corporation compulsorily purchased the ancient woodland and built the 15,590 dwelling council estate to rehouse families on its council house waiting list. With the rise in unemployment in the 1970s parts of the estate suffered from deprivation and the resulting anti-social behaviour.
The estate, now known as North Solihull is being renovated.
History
Chelmsley Wood is a relatively new area, which was built by Birmingham Corporation in the late 1960s and early 1970s on ancient woodland, once part of the Forest of Arden, as an overspill town for Birmingham. Permission for the construction of the overspill estate on green belt land was granted by Richard Crossman as Minister of Housing and Local Government.[2] A shopping centre (which opened on 7 April 1970), a library (completed in 1970 at £240,000),[3] hall and belatedly a few public houses.
By the end of the Second World War 12,391 homes had been destroyed by aerial bombing in Birmingham and there was to be no house building in the city for six years[4] so the programme of slum clearance had been halted. By the 1950s there were terrific demand for homes. Large estates were built within the city boundaries such as Druid's Heath, Castle Vale and at Bromford on the site of the city’s former racecourse, but by 1963 there was no further land available within the city boundaries. The corporation, however, had powers under the Housing Act 1900 to purchase land out-of-area. On 21 December 1964, Richard Crossman the new minister for housing sent a letter to Sir Frank Price, leader of Birmingham City Council proposing the scheme.[5] The population was increasing and it was estimated that there would be a deficiency of 43,000 dwellings by 1971, which would have been worse than it had been in 1959. At a meeting of the House Building Committee in February 1965, it was decided to build a large new development to the east of the city. Objections were raised about the scheme, particularly from Meriden Rural District Council and the local Parish Councils,[4] on grounds of amenity and the threat to the green belt separating Birmingham and Coventry. A similar application for the use of nearly 300 acres at Wythall to the south of Birmingham was considered, but this was turned down.
Land was compulsorily purchased and construction of the 15,590 dwellings (including 39 multi-storey blocks of flats) was begun in 1966 and completed in 1970. Birmingham City Council retained control of their houses until they were officially transferred to Solihull council on 29 September 1980.[4] Construction started in 1965 and the first rates were levied on houses in Oak Croft on 6 March 1967. Such was the scale of the operation that a development company was to design finance and build a complete town centre which was officially opened by H.M. The Queen on 7 April 1972.
The "Wood" was to be 80% public housing and 18% privately developed homes, houses were reserved for 100 policemen and rows of terraced homes were let out or sold at a reduced rate to key workers: nurses, social workers and teachers working on the estate.[6] The "Wood" had considerable thought put into its planning and won architectural awards for its landscaping.[5] It was laid out in a Radburn style with houses opening out onto pedestrian pathways and open green space, and backing onto the vehicular access.[4] To enhance the openness, there were no fences between gardens and public space. The "unity and harmony"[4] of the design made it appear monotonous rather than modern. It was provided with schools, a library and shopping areas, but in the early days there was no local pub, the nearest one being reached by a five-mile bus journey.[7]
The Name "Chelmsley" is of considerable antiquity. It indicates a settlement of Saxon origin - the enclosure of Ceolmund. Ceolmund Crescent is the name of the road that passes by the police station, and the Post Office Tower in the town centre. [8] [4] The word "Ceolmund" itself comes from the Old English Ceol "Keel" and Mund "Protection".[9]
Transport
Chelmsley Wood shopping centre has a bus interchange which hosts buses that go to and from Birmingham city centre, Solihull town centre, Coleshill, Sutton Coldfield and Birmingham Airport.
The closest railway station is at Marston Green which is about a mile from Chelmsley Wood Shopping Centre. From there, there are trains to Coventry, Birmingham International Airport, Birmingham City Centre and The National Exhibition Centre.
The road, Meadway (via Cooks Lane) connects Chelmsley Wood to Birmingham City Centre via Bordesley Green East.
Leisure
North Solihull Sports Centre is the largest and most used sports centre in Chelmsley Wood and its surrounding areas. It hosts two swimming pools, a sports hall, a fitness suite, studio, crèche and café bar. It also hosts an outdoor running track, and an astroturf pitch.[10]
Recent development
The area has for decades had a negative reputation due to being associated with anti-social behaviour and crime,[11] although the estate has been relatively successful compared to other similar estates.
A new large supermarket and a new library have been built, new schools have been built, many of the most run-down properties have been demolished, especially in the Craig Croft area. A new village centre is under construction and all of the remaining tower blocks have been reclad.
Chelmsley Wood's comprehensive school, Whitesmore School, was demolished and replaced by Grace Academy at a cost of £32 million.[12]
References
- ↑ "2013 Ward Profile : Chelmsley Wood". Solihull Observatory. Spring 2013. p. 4. http://www.solihull.gov.uk/Portals/0/KeyStats/WardProfiles/ChelmsleyWood.pdf. Retrieved 3 September 2015.
- ↑ Stephen Victor Ward (1994). Planning and Urban Change. Sage Publications. ISBN 1-85396-218-X.
- ↑ Thomas Greenwood (1971). The Libraries, Museums and Art Galleries Year Book. New York: J. Clarke.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 "History of Chelmsley Wood". Metropolitan Borough of Solihull. http://www.solihull.gov.uk/Resident/Libraries/Local-family-history/localhistory/chelmsleywoodhistory. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hanley 2012, p. 29.
- ↑ Hanley 2012, pp. 33,34,43.
- ↑ Hanley 2012, p. 31.
- ↑ "Around Chelmsley in times past". abebooks.co.uk. http://www.abebooks.co.uk/Around-Chelmsley-Times-Past-Holyoak-Michael/5568442664/bd.
- ↑ "Meaning of Ceolmund". Behind The Name. https://www.behindthename.com/name/ceolmund. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
- ↑ "North Solihull Sports Centre". leisurecentre.com. http://www.leisurecentre.com/Centre-Home/north-solihull-sports-centre-swimming-gym-spinning-tennis/3.aspx#.
- ↑ Hannah Jennings Parry (22 October 2014). "People Like Us: Chelmsley Wood residents braced for backlash over BBC3 show". Birmingham Mail. http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/people-like-us-chelmsley-wood-7978387.
- ↑ "GraceAcademy". graceacademy.org.uk. http://www.graceacademy.org.uk/.
Further reading
- Hanley, Lynsey (2012). Estates : an intimate history. Granta. ISBN 9781847087027.