Heworth, York
| Heworth | |
| Yorkshire North Riding | |
|---|---|
 Holy Trinity Church, Heworth | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SE619530 |
| Location: | 53°58’12"N, 1°3’23"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 13,725 (2011) |
| Post town: | York |
| Postcode: | YO31 |
| Dialling code: | 01904 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | York |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
York Central |
Heworth is a village of the North Riding of Yorkshire which has become attached to the suburbs of the City of York. Heworth is found about a mile north-east of the city centre. The name "Heworth" is of the Old English language, and means a "high enclosure".
Housing in Heworth varies from terraced houses along East Parade towards Layerthorpe, through large Victorian villas on Heworth Green, to older houses in Heworth village and the 1830s Elmfield Villa (now Elmfield College) and 1930s semi-detached houses on Stockton Lane.
Heworth has seen much modern suburban development, particularly in the outlying area of 'Heworth Without'.
History
Very little is known about the prehistoric history of the Heworth area, some researchers believe the area was largely boggy land.[1] The village is of Roman origin: two Roman cremation cemeteries have been found in the area. Heworth Green, the road from York city centre to the village, is on the site of a Roman road.
During the early Middle Ages, contemporary burials took place in a similar area to the Roman ones; this was during the 5th and 6th centuries. However, evidence for settlement in Heworth during this period of time still remains minimal.
The village appears as Heworde in the Domesday Book, and as Hewud in 1219.[2]
1453 Battle of Heworth Moor
On 24 August 1453,[3] a skirmish took place and was the first meeting of the two families involved in the Percy-Neville feud, the feud which eventually helped provoke the Wars of the Roses.[4] Historians have described an attack on the Neville family's wedding party by Lord Egremont; numerous contemporaries regard it as the very first military action of the Wars of the Roses.
The Neville family was returning to Sheriff Hutton castle following a wedding between Sir Thomas Neville and Maud Stanhope. Stanhope was the heiress and niece of Ralph de Cromwell. Cromwell had previously confiscated Percy strongholds such as Wressle and Bunwell after the death of Henry Percy, known as 'Hotspur' in 1403: the thought of those properties one day being handed over to the Neville family angered Lord Egremont greatly.[4]
Egremont decided to ambush the Neville family's returning wedding party at Heworth Moor, along with 1,000 retainers from York. The Neville family were said to have given a good account of themselves and defended themselves well in the skirmish.[4]
1642 Meeting on Heworth Moor
During the summer of 1642 both the Parliamentary party and King Charles I negotiated with each other while preparing for war.
When Charles endeavoured to raise a guard for his own person at York, intending it, as the event afterwards proved, to form the nucleus of an army, Lord Fairfax was required by Parliament to present a petition to his sovereign, entreating Charles to hearken to the voice of his Parliament, and to discontinue the raising of troops. This was at a great meeting of the freeholders and farmers of Yorkshire convened by the king on Heworth Moor on 3 June near York. Charles evaded receiving the petition, pressing his horse forward, but Thomas Fairfax followed him and placed the petition on the pommel of the king's saddle.
Settlement
Construction of the Heworth Green Villas on Heworth Road began about 1817.[5] Until the mid-19th century, the Lord of the Manor was the Reverend Robert William Bilton Hornby. The Ordnance Survey map of 1849, shows that Heworth was effectively a square of three parallel streets sandwiched between the then Scarborough Road and East Parade.
On the outskirts of the village near Monk Stray was Elmfield College, a Primitive Methodist foundation which existed from 1864 to 1932, when it merged with Ashville College in Harrogate. All that is left of the college now is numbers 1 and 9 Straylands Grove, next to Monk Stray, and staff housing along Elmfield Terrace and Willow Grove.
The church of Holy Trinity was built in 1869. Soon came a Wesleyan Chapel, the manor house, a public house (The Britannia), a windmill, several potteries, Heworth Hall and Heworth House. At that time Tang Hall was just that – a hall situated in parkland; since then it has developed into its own neighbourhood. Christ Church was built on Stockton Lane in 1964.
Sport
Heworth has some history in the sports of cricket, football, rugby league and others.
Heworth Cricket Club is said to have been founded in 1784.[6]
Heworth he football club was one of the earliest to play in the York area.
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Heworth, York) |
References
- ↑ Appleton, Avril E. Webster (1999). Looking Back at Heworth – a York Suburb. ISBN 0-9536257-0-2.
- ↑ Ekwall, Eilert, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 4th edition, 1960. p. 237 ISBN 0198691033
- ↑ Wagner, J.. Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses. p. 186.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 "Battle of Heworth". Heworth History. 23 July 2007. http://uk.geocities.com/jakdoor/heworth/heworth.htm.
- ↑ Archaeological investigation of Heworth Croft area Template:Webarchive, pp. 1–7
- ↑ Flett, Dave (10 July 2009). "Heworth Cricket Club celebrate 225th anniversary". York Press. https://www.yorkpress.co.uk/sport/cricket/yorkseniorleague/4485910.heworth-cricket-club-celebrate-225th-anniversary/.