MacLellan's Castle
| MacLellan's Castle | |
|
Kirkcudbrightshire | |
|---|---|
 MacLellan's Castle | |
| Type: | L-plan castle |
| Location | |
| Location: | 54°50’13"N, 4°3’11"W |
| History | |
| Information | |
| Owned by: | Historic Scotland |
| Website: | MacLellan's Castle |
MacLellan's Castle stands in the centre of Kirkcudbright, the county town of Kirkcudbrightshire. The castle was built in the late 16th century. It stands on the south side of the River Dee which here opens out to flow into the Solway Firth.
It is an L-plan castle and was the residence of the MacLellan family from whom it derived its name. The family sold the castle in 1752, and from 1782 to 1912 it was held by the Earls of Selkirk. Today, the site is curated by Historic Scotland.[1]
History
In 1569 Thomas MacLellan of Bombie was given the site of a ruined Greyfriars monastery in the town of Kirkcudbright.[2] The monastery, which was built in around 1455,[3] was demolished leaving only its chapel and on the site an L-plan castle was built.[1] The chapel is now called Greyfriars Church.[3] Construction of MacLellan's Castle began around 1577, instigated by Thomas. The work is commonly assumed to date to 1582 based on the year being carved into a stone panel above the entrance. Despite never being finished in its entirety,[4][5] it was home to MacLellan's descendants until 1752 when it was sold to Sir Robert Maxwell.[1] By this time the castle was in a state of ruin and the roof had collapsed.[6][2]
Thirty years later, Maxwell sold MacLellan Castle to Dunbar Douglas, 4th Earl of Selkirk.[1]
In MacGibbon and Ross' 1887 work, The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, the authors remarked "the whole building is a mass of ivy, giving it the appearance of a huge haystack, of a green rather than yellow colour", however they were of the opinion that aside from the roof the building was in good condition.[7] The castle was taken into state care in 1912 at the instance of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. It is now under the guardianship of Historic Scotland.[1]
Architecture
MacLellan's Castle is laid out in an L-plan, consisting of two wings meeting at right angles.[7] This type of tower house is typical of castle architecture of the early modern period and often dates from 1540–1680.[8] One wing runs north–south and the other east–west; they meet in the southwest corner. The simple 'L' shape is embellished with an additional tower attached to the southwest corner, and projections on the inner angle where the two wings meet. The four-storey castle has a kitchen on the ground floor and a great hall on the first for entertaining guests. The upper floors most likely provided accommodation. Behind the fireplace in the great hall is a peephole and on the other side is a small room dubbed the "Laird's Lug" where the conversations in the hall could be overheard. This was not an uncommon feature in Scottish tower houses.[9][10]
The castle was entered at the inner angle where the two wings join. On the exterior, above the doorway, is a panel divided into three parts. The two lower parts are carved two coats of arms: those of Thomas MacLellan, for whom the castle was built, and his wife, G. Maxwell.[2]
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The great hall looking towards the north end -
The entrance in the corner angle between the two wings -
The kitchens in the east part of the south wing
Outside links
 |
("Wikimedia Commons" has material about MacLellan's Castle) |
- MacLellan's Castle - Historic Environment Scotland
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Coventry 2006, p. 463
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 MacGibbon & Ross 1887, p. 153
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Kirkcudbright, Greyfriars Monastery", Canmore (Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland), http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/64082/details/kirkcudbright+greyfriars+monastery/, retrieved 24 April 2014
- ↑ Tabraham 1997, p. 136
- ↑ Salter 1985, p. 36
- ↑ "Kirkcudbright, Castle Street, Maclellan's Castle", Canmore (Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland), http://canmore.rcahms.gov.uk/en/site/64065/details/kirkcudbright+castle+street+maclellan+s+castle/, retrieved 24 April 2014
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 MacGibbon & Ross 1887, p. 149
- ↑ Coventry 2006, p. 10
- ↑ MacGibbon & Ross 1887, pp. 149–152
- ↑ MacLellan's Castle, Historic Scotland, http://www.historic-scotland.gov.uk/index/places/propertyresults/propertyoverview.htm?PropID=PL_204, retrieved 24 April 2014
Books
- Coventry, Martin (2006), The castles of Scotland (4th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn, ISBN 1-84158-449-5
- MacGibbon and Ross#David MacGibbon; Ross, Thomas (1887), "MacLellan's House", The Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland from the Twelfth to the Eighteenth Century. Volume 2, Edinburgh: David Douglas, pp. 149–156, https://archive.org/details/castellateddomes02macguoft
- Salter, Mike (1985), Discovering Scottish Castles: A gazetteer of 1,026 castles, Princes Risborough: Shire Publications, ISBN 0-85263-749-7
- Tabraham, Chris (1997), Scotland's Castles, London: B. T. Batsford and Historic Scotland, ISBN 0-7134-8147-1
- Watters, Diane (2011), "Castle Reoccupation and Conservation in the Twentieth Century", Scotland's Castle Culture, Birlinn, pp. 143–172, ISBN 978-1-906566-33-3
- Maxwell-Irving, Alastair (2011–2012) (PDF), How Many Tower-houses were there in the Scottish Borders? A few observations., 25, 224–240, http://www.castlestudiesgroup.org.uk/CSGJournal2011-12XAlastairMI.pdf