Ferniehirst Castle: Difference between revisions
Created page with "{{Infobox castle |name=Ferniehirst Castle |village= |county=Roxburghshire |picture=Ferniehirst Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1990586.jpg |picture caption=Ferniehirst Castle |os g..." |
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==History== | ==History== | ||
[[File:Ferniehirst Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1990613.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Ferniehirst Castle, courtyard]] | [[File:Ferniehirst Castle - geograph.org.uk - 1990613.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Ferniehirst Castle, courtyard]] | ||
===Sixteenth-century conflict== | ===Sixteenth-century conflict=== | ||
The original castle was built by the Ker (or Kerr) family around 1470. It was occupied by English forces in 1547, during the war of the Rough Wooing. The English were dislodged by a force of Sir John Ker's clansmen, and the Earl of Huntly reinforced by André de Montalembert and French auxiliaries led by Captain Pierre Longue in February 1549. The gate was fired, then Montalembert d'Essé brought more artillery and the soldiers set about the wall with picks and mattocks. The French soldier Jean de Beaugué described the recapture and the fate of the English captain and garrison,<ref>Beaugué, Jean de,''History of the Campaigns of 1548 and 1549'', (1707), 92-96, see Outside links.</ref> and the aristocrat and priest Alexander Gordon wrote an eyewitness account.<ref>Cameron, Annie, I., ed., ''Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'', SHS (1927), pp.286-290, Gordon's account differs from de Beaugué's over some details.</ref> An English army led by the Duke of Rutland recaptured the castle in June 1549, but the war was nearly over.<ref>Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 140.</ref> | The original castle was built by the Ker (or Kerr) family around 1470. It was occupied by English forces in 1547, during the war of the Rough Wooing. The English were dislodged by a force of Sir John Ker's clansmen, and the Earl of Huntly reinforced by André de Montalembert and French auxiliaries led by Captain Pierre Longue in February 1549. The gate was fired, then Montalembert d'Essé brought more artillery and the soldiers set about the wall with picks and mattocks. The French soldier Jean de Beaugué described the recapture and the fate of the English captain and garrison,<ref>Beaugué, Jean de,''History of the Campaigns of 1548 and 1549'', (1707), 92-96, see Outside links.</ref> and the aristocrat and priest Alexander Gordon wrote an eyewitness account.<ref>Cameron, Annie, I., ed., ''Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'', SHS (1927), pp.286-290, Gordon's account differs from de Beaugué's over some details.</ref> An English army led by the Duke of Rutland recaptured the castle in June 1549, but the war was nearly over.<ref>Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 140.</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 13:05, 27 October 2016
| Ferniehirst Castle | |
|
Roxburghshire | |
|---|---|
 Ferniehirst Castle | |
| Type: | L-plan castle |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | 65235&y=6 17969&z=120 NT 65235 17969 |
| Location: | 55°27’16"N, 2°33’4"W |
| History | |
| Built around 1470 | |
| Information | |
| Condition: | restored |
| Owned by: | Marquess of Lothian |
Ferniehirst Castle (sometimes spelt Ferniehurst) is an L-shaped construction on the east bank of the Jed Water, about a mile and a half south of Jedburgh, in Roxburghshire. It is an ancient seat of the Kerr family, and after a period of institutional use it was restored by the 12th Marquess of Lothian in the late 20th century. It is currently used by his second son, Lord Ralph Kerr, who also owns Melbourne Hall in Derbyshire, and is the heir presumptive to the marquessate as his brother the 13th Marquess (Michael Ancram) has no sons.
The castle is open to the public without charge at limited times.
History
Sixteenth-century conflict
The original castle was built by the Ker (or Kerr) family around 1470. It was occupied by English forces in 1547, during the war of the Rough Wooing. The English were dislodged by a force of Sir John Ker's clansmen, and the Earl of Huntly reinforced by André de Montalembert and French auxiliaries led by Captain Pierre Longue in February 1549. The gate was fired, then Montalembert d'Essé brought more artillery and the soldiers set about the wall with picks and mattocks. The French soldier Jean de Beaugué described the recapture and the fate of the English captain and garrison,[1] and the aristocrat and priest Alexander Gordon wrote an eyewitness account.[2] An English army led by the Duke of Rutland recaptured the castle in June 1549, but the war was nearly over.[3]
Ferniehirst was damaged by an English retaliatory raid in 1570, after Sir Thomas Ker had raided northern England, and again in 1573 by Queen Elizabeth's army on their way to Edinburgh Castle in support of the government of the infant King James VI[4] King James VI attacked the castle in 1593 as the Kers had assisted Francis Stewart, 1st Earl of Bothwell, who had conspired against the king. The Kers were for a long period Wardens of the Middle and East Marches. As the building had been undermined, reconstruction of the castle began in 1598.
Later and recent uses
The castle was unused in the 18th century, and re-roofed and repaired circa 1830, with a further major restoration of a part of it in 1890. It was used as a Scottish Youth Hostels Association hostel from 1934 to 1984, apart from during the Second World War, when it was requisitioned as a billet for troops. In 1988 major repairs, restoration, and alterations were carried out, and the castle is once again a private home.
The Ker Chapel, dating from the 17th century, is part of the property. Probably originally a mortuary chapel, it was re-roofed in 1938 and had restrained conversion and repair in 1988.
Description
The shorter arm of this L-plan fortalice is the 16th-century tower, containing the stair turret. The stair is in a spiral, corbelled out in the angle: apparently more for elegance than for necessity. There are many embrasures, allowing a wide angle for musket fire, and of the more restricted shut-holes used for ventilation.
Ferniehirst also has a romantic array of conically capped corner turrets. These - known as studies - are not primarily defensive: they open from the rooms of the upper floor. There is some renaissance decoration around the windows and doors. The castle is approached through a classically styled archway.
Outside links
 |
("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Ferniehirst Castle) |
- RCAHMS record of Ferniehirst
- CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Ferniehirst Castle
- SCRAN File: Ferniehirst Castle
- Gazetteer for Scotland: Ferniehirst Castle
References
- ↑ Beaugué, Jean de,History of the Campaigns of 1548 and 1549, (1707), 92-96, see Outside links.
- ↑ Cameron, Annie, I., ed., Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine, SHS (1927), pp.286-290, Gordon's account differs from de Beaugué's over some details.
- ↑ Merriman, Marcus, The Rough Wooings, Tuckwell (2000), 140.
- ↑ Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 5, HMSO (1907), 161, Ferniehirst to Mary, Queen of Scots, 8 July 1575.
- Fenwick, Hugh, Scotland’s Castles, Robert Hale, 1976.
- Keay, John & Julia,(editors), Collins Encyclopedia of Scotland, HarperCollins, 1994.
- Kerr, Anthony, Ferniehirst Castle, Scotland's Frontier Stronghold, Kelso (1985)
- Coventry, Martin, The Castles of Scotland, Goblinshead, 2001,
- Strang, Charles Alexander, Borders and Berwick, The Rutland Press, 1994, p. 130, ISBN 1-873190-10-7
- Beaugué, Jean de, Histoire de la guerre d'Écosse pendant les campagnes 1548 et 1549, Maitland Club, Edinburgh (1830), bk. 3 chp. 10, pp.101-103
- Beaugué, Jean de, History of the Campaigns of 1548 and 1549, (1707) pp. 92–96