Stoke Newington Common
Stoke Newington Common is an open space in Middlesex, within the metropolitan conurbation, between Brooke Road to the south and Northwold Road to the north, straddling a railway line and the busy Rectory Road. The common is 5¼ acres in area.[1]
The common was originally called Cockhanger Green but underwent a series of name changes. The common is part of West Hackney, or often also described as part of Stoke Newington.[2]
Name changes
The common was originally known as Cockhanger Green but renamed as the surrounding areas were being developed in the Victorian era. The name Shacklewell Common was used for a time, as was Newington Common, after a West Hackney hamlet of that name[3] which lay on the west side of the common. The hamlet of Newington was part of Hackney Parish, unconnected with either Stoke Newington or Newington Green.
The current name of Stoke Newington Common was in exclusive use in the first half of the twentieth century.
History
This is old common land that came under public ownership in 1872.
The common has suffered from the urban development of Middlesex. It was sliced up by Victorian transport links: the deep cutting of the railway line between Stoke Newington and Rectory Road railway stations runs straight through the common from north to south, while the parallel Rectory Road making part of the A10 gyratory slices off another strip to the west. Finally the road called Stoke Newington Common carrying a busy bus route chops off a section to the south.
The now buried and lost Hackney Brook once ran across the north of the common, but this has long been replaced by the busy Northwold Road. This was due to the increased population at the time of its burial reducing the brook to no more than an open sewer.
A 400,000-year-old Palaeolithic flint axe factory was found by W.G. Smith in 1878 on the south side of the common and in market gardens on the north side of the common.[4][5] This Palaeolithic floor is associated with an ancient terrace carved by the River Thames called the Upper Taplow Terrace[6] that extends from Stoke Newington past Canonbury as far as Rosemary Branch. It is a remnant of a plain where extensive evidence the earliest human occupation of Britain has been found, notably at Swanscombe in Kent.[7]
The north side of the common was overlooked by Gibson Gardens; an early example of quality tenement dwellings for working class people built in 1880 and still unchanged today, some parts are highly desirable for owner-occupiers. Gibson Gardens is now masked from the common by the innovative Raines Court on Northwold Road on the site of the old dairy. Built by the Peabody Trust, this is just the second multi-storey modular housing development to be built in Britain, and offers one approach to the increased demand for housing in the area.
Local residents campaigned unsuccessfully to have Rectory Road closed off over the common and the railway roofed for many years with the prohibitively high cost of the works reducing the possibility of success to zero.
Location map
- Location map: 51°33’41"N, 0°4’11"W
Outside links
- History of Stoke Newington Common (from the Cazenove Area Action Group)
- Restore the Common (from scrap the gyratory campaign)
References
- ↑ "Common Land in England Stoke Newington Common". common-land.com. 2013. http://common-land.com/lands/view/2134. Retrieved 27 September 2013.
- ↑ Overview of the Common's history by Stoke Newington Common User Group. Taken from the LBH website https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-0gio-3R8NoWJ4CW8teKJIgf7qsr0eyn/view
- ↑ A History of the County of Middlesex - Volume 10 pp 38-44: Hackney: Newington and Stamford Hill (Victoria County History)
- ↑ Smith W: On a Palaeolithic Floor at North-East London. The Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 13, (1884), pp. 357–384.
- ↑ "Finding Geology in Buildings and the Geology of the Lea Valley". http://www.locallocalhistory.co.uk/geology2/index.htm.
- ↑ A History of the County of Middlesex - Volume 1 pp 1-10: The Physique of Middlesex (Victoria County History)
- ↑ Stringer, C. FRS. Homo Britannicus. Penguin (2006) pp. 68–89.