Ince-in-Makerfield
| Ince-in-Makerfield | |
| Lancashire | |
|---|---|
 Christ Church, Ince-in-Makerfield | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SD565005 |
| Location: | 53°32’25"N, 2°35’56"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 13,486 (2011) |
| Post town: | Wigan |
| Postcode: | WN2/WN3 |
| Dialling code: | 01942 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Wigan |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Wigan |
Ince-in-Makerfield or Ince is a regenerated township in Lancashire, southeast of, and effectively contiguous with, Wigan. The population of Ince at the 2011 census was 13,486.
Ince has become a residential suburb of Wigan,divided from the larger town by the leeds and Liverpool Canal. A railway line divides Ince into two separate areas - Higher Ince and Lower Ince.
History
The earliest mention of the Manor of Ince and the Ince family dates from 1202 at which point it was under the barony of Newton in Makerfield (Newton le Willows). There were three halls in Ince, both the Manor of Ince and the original hall on Warrington Road were held by a family of the same name who also owned the Manor of Aspull and had close ties to the Hindley family. This lineage was replaced by the Gerard family by marriage in the reign of King Henry IV, and the family adopted the name 'Gerard of Ince'. The manor remained with them for several centuries until William Gerard sold it to the Earl of Balcarres at some point between 1796 and 1825.
The manor house was of timber framed construction.[1] A branch of the Gerard family lived at New Hall from about 1600 until the line died out with marriage to the Andertons of Euxton who adopted the name 'Ince Anderton' and temporarily inhabited the hall from 1760-1818 before moving to Euxton Hall.
The third hall, also known as Ince Hall, was originally a timber and plaster building built in the reign of James I off Manchester Road, it originally had a moat, Italian chimneys and an oak panelled interior but in 1854 was heavily damaged by fire and rebuilt in plain brick of no architectural merit and modernised inside.[2][3] All three halls were still standing in 1911 but none remain today.
The township covered 2,221 acres of mostly level ground. The underlying rocks contained strata of cannel and coal and many collieries were sunk, the early pits were 120 to 900 feet deep, and subsequently to 1,800 feet.[1] Its coal pits included Moss, Ince Hall, Rose Bridge and Ince Collieries. Mining left a legacy of spoil heaps and flashes which were known as the Wigan Alps.[4] Stone was also quarried and used to build bridges on the railway.
Ince became heavily industrialised in the Industrial Revolution. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal, the North Union and Liverpool and Bury railways passed through the township and a cotton mill was built.[1]
Transport links
Ince is served by Ince railway station on the Manchester to Southport line, however to distinguish it from Ince & Elton in Cheshire, on destination boards it is displayed as 'Ince (Manchester)'.[5]
Ince was once criss-crossed by railway lines on the London and North Western Railway's Warrington to Wigan, Eccles to Wigan, Wigan to St Helens and Springs Branch to Haigh and Aspull lines, the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway's Bury to Liverpool line and the Great Central Railway line from Glazebrook to Wigan (on which Lower Ince station was located, between 1884 and 1964); as well as local colliery lines.[4]
The Leeds and Liverpool Canal passes through Higher Ince and 16 of the Wigan flight of locks are within the township.[4]
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Ince-in-Makerfield) |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 A Topographical Dictionary of England
- ↑ Ince
- ↑ [1] A History of the County of Lancaster - Volume pp 101–106: {{{2}}} (Victoria County History)
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Ashmore 1982, p. 101
- ↑ National Rail- Ince (Manchester) Railway Station
- Ashmore, Owen (1982), The Industrial archaeology of North-west England, Manchester University Press, ISBN 0-7190-0820-4