Eccleshall Castle
| Eccleshall Castle | |
|
Staffordshire | |
|---|---|
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SJ827295 |
| Location: | 52°51’46"N, 2°15’30"W |
| Village: | Eccleshall |
| History | |
| Information | |
| Owned by: | Carter-Motley family |
Eccleshall Castle is a manor house or an inhabited castle, owned as a private home, in Eccleshall in Staffordshire. The castle was originally built in the 13th century for the Bishops of Lichfield, and its slighted ruin was converted into a mansion for the Bishops in the seventeenth century. The diocese sold the house in the nineteenth century.
The castle is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade II* listed building.
History
The land was reputedly granted to St Chad, the mediæval Bishop of Lichfield, but whatever the truth, the Bishops of Lichfield held the manor in the Middle Ages.
In 1200 Bishop Geoffrey de Muschamp was granted by King John a 'licence to crenellate', permitting him to build a castle. As Eccleshall was conveniently situated on the main road between the centres of the Lichfield diocese in Chester, Lichfield and Coventry it was an ideal location as a diocesan base. This original castle was replaced by a larger castle in 1305 by Bishop Walter Langton, Chancellor of England.[1]
At the outbreak of the Wars of the Roses, Margaret of Anjou, Queen consort of King Henry VI, took refuge within the castle after the Battle of Blore Heath in 1459.[1]
In June 1643, during the Civil War, the castle was besieged by Sir William Brereton and his Parliamentary forces encamped around the church. Their guns caused considerable damage to the walls but the castle held out, with Bishop Robert Wright sheltering within. When the Parliamentary forces finally took the castle on 30 August, they found that the bishop had died of a heart attack during the siege and most of the defenders were either drunk or had gone into town drinking in the taverns.
After its capture, the castle was slighted to prevent future use as a stronghold but enough of the building, including an unusual nine-sided tower, together with the moat walls and mediæval bridge, remained to be used as a prison for Royalist gentry. The castle and its grounds were confiscated and sold, but bought back again by the diocese.
The castle today
The present house, still known as Eccleshall Castle, was built amongst the ruins in 1693 by the then bishop, William Lloyd, incorporating fragments of the slighted 14th-century structure. It was occupied by successive Bishops of Lichfield. In the 18th century the gatehouse was demolished and the moat drained. The last Bishop to live there was Bishop John Lonsdale, who died in the house in 1867. [1]
The Castle is now in private hands and closed to the public, although the gardens are occasionally opened to raise money for local Eccleshall Charities as well as for occasional weddings. It has been the home of the Carter-Motley family for more than a hundred years. [1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Eccleshall Castle - Staffordshire". http://eccleshallcastle.co.uk/. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
- National Heritage List 1374163: Eccleshall Castle
- Gatehouse Gazetteer: Eccleshall Castle