Clarborough
| Clarborough | |
| Nottinghamshire | |
|---|---|
 Public house in Clarborough | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SK731832 |
| Location: | 53°20’31"N, -0°54’24"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 1,088 (2011) |
| Post town: | Retford |
| Postcode: | DN22 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Bassetlaw |
Clarborough is a village and ancient parish in the Bassetlaw wapentake of Nottinghamshire. The village is located two miles north-east from the centre of Retford. The population of the civil parish of Clarborough and Welham as taken at the 2011 Census was 1,088.[1]
History
Clarborough is listed in the 1086 Domesday Book as "Claueburch" or "Claureburg."[2] The chief value of the village was its land. Because of the village's geographical position, being at the foot of Clarborough Hill, land was useful for agriculture, including grazing.[3] Being close to the increasingly important centre of Retford and with its parish boundary actually towards the centre of the town, Clarborough became an important local source of products. Since the 1960s, with development of power stations in the area and improved communication links, Clarborough (along with Retford) had significant population increases with associated housing developments.
A post windmill was located on Clarborough Hill. It was standing in 1753, but burnt down in 1896.[4]
The ecclesiastical parish was effectively cut in two in 1934 when the chapel of ease of St Saviour's was designated a parish in its own right.
The civil parish of Clarborough and Welham had a population of 1,111 in the 2001 Census.[5]
Community
The Church of England parish church is dedicated to John the Baptist.[6]
To the south of the village is the hamlet of Welham, which gets its name from a once celebrated spring (St Johns Well) near the place, which was formed into a large bath. The spring is still located in a private house.[7] Welham is listed in Domesday as "Wellun" (meaning 'at the spring'). Welham Grange, an intact house dating from 1667 which listed as a Grade II building by the English Heritage on 1 February 1967.[8] Also in Welham is the early 19th-century Welham Hall.
Education
An elementary school was extant by 1 May 1871 and extracts from its Log Books[9] suggest that the school might have been in existence before that date.
The school's capacity proved inadequate by the late 1950s. Initially this was addressed by an expansion of the Victorian buildings adjacent to the church of St. John the Baptist on Church Lane. However, as the village continued to expand through the 1960s, this too proved inadequate such that Nottinghamshire Council initiated a proposed 2-phase development. The first phase, on newly created Hillview Crescent just off Main Street (the A620), was opened in 1970 and accommodated the junior classes – the Victorian building continuing to house older pupils. Phase 2 of this development was never carried forward as economic conditions of the early 1970s made it unaffordable.
Transport
The main changes in transport for Clarborough occurred in 1777, when the Chesterfield Canal was opened, providing navigation to the River Trent. This was the beginning of a period where Clarborough was being brought into the wider communication network, with and upgraded national road network, and the introduction of turnpike highways which allowed transport from Clarborough to larger towns such as Retford. One highway (1824–76), ran from Spital Hill at Retford to Clarborough, providing better links to nearby villages and towns.[10] The new highways, and the canal, might have moved the centre of gravity of the village, today away from the church and towards the main roads.
A railway line was by 1849 running at the southern side of the village through the neighbouring hamlet of Welham. The railway allowed links to Lincolnshire and cities such as Manchester and Sheffield.[10]
With the increase in motor transport in the 20th century, the main road through Clarborough and Welham (A620) was improved although low bridges on the already established railway line gave problems for traffic.[10] The alternative route around the village (Tiln Lane/Smeath Lane) is not suited to heavy vehicles which use it.
References
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Clarborough) |
- ↑ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11122030&c=clarborough+and+welham&d=16&e=62&g=6456168&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1460020800750&enc=1. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
- ↑ "Clarborough History". Clarborough & Welham IT Group. http://www.clarborough-welham.org.uk/html/clarborough_history.html. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
- ↑ "Nottinghamshire History". A P Nicholson. http://www.nottshistory.org.uk/piercy1828/retford15.htm. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
- ↑ Pevsner, Nikolaus (1979); The Buildings of England: Nottinghamshire. Harmondsworth, Middx. Penguin.
- ↑ "Neighbourhood Statistics". Directgov. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=798318&c=Clarborough&d=16&e=15&g=477708&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1335082555338&enc=1&dsFamilyId=779. Retrieved 22 April 2012.
- ↑ "Clarborough and Welham Church". Clarborough and Welham Church. http://www.cwchurch.btck.co.uk/. Retrieved 26 April 2012.
- ↑ "Welham History". Clarborough & Welham IT Group. http://www.clarborough-welham.org.uk/html/welham_history.html. Retrieved 21 January 2018.
- ↑ "British Listed Buildings". English Heritage. http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-241476-welham-grange-bole. Retrieved 20 April 2012.
- ↑ "Primary School History". Clarborough & Welham IT Group. http://www.clarborough-welham.org.uk/html/primary_school_history.html. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 "Clarborough History". Clarborough & Welham IT Group. http://www.clarborough-welham.org.uk/html/clarborough_history.html. Retrieved 19 April 2012.