Brent Knoll
| Brent Knoll | |
| Somerset | |
|---|---|
 Brent Knoll | |
| Summit: | 450 feet ST33995102 51°15’14"N, 2°56’46"W |
Brent Knoll is a singular hill of 450 feet above sea level on the Somerset Levels, in Somerset. Rising above the Levels, which at largely at or below sea level, it stand prominently in the landscape, dominating views all around.
The hill is roughly halfway between Weston-super-Mare and Bridgwater, two and a half miles inland of the Bristol Channel coast at Burnham-on-Sea. At the foot of the hill are two villages, East Brent and Brent Knoll, which takes its name from the hill but was previously called South Brent.
The hill's size and isolated position on the levels mean that it dominates the landscape and can be seen for many miles, and its prominence is emphasised to travellers because the Bristol to Taunton railway line, M5 motorway, A370 and A38 roads all pass within a mile or less from its base. Brent Knoll used to have a railway station but it closed in 1971.
Name
The word 'knoll' usually means a small hill or hill-top. The origin of the name Brent is unclear. The name may derive from the word "brant" meaning "steep" in Old English,[1] although other suggestions have been put forward,[2] such as from a word meaning burnt in Old English, suggesting that the settlement was at some time burnt by the Danes.[3]
Another proposal is that the name comes from a Celtic term meaning "high place";[4] The modern Welsh word for a hill crest being "Bryn". Another possibility is that the name of Brent simply derives from the local river, the Brent, which gives its name to a Somerset hundred.[3][5]
Geology
An isolated hill, Brent Knoll is an example of denudation – waters of the Bristol Channel eroded surrounding features leaving just the Blue Lias rocks from the Jurassic period capped with Midford Sands of the Bridport Formation.
History
Brent Knoll has seen settlement since at least the Bronze Age. Brent Knoll Camp is an Iron Age hill fort, with multiple ramparts following the contours of the hill, broken only by the main entrance on the eastern side.[6]
Before the Somerset Levels were drained, Brent Knoll was an island, known as the Isle (or Mount) of Frogs (Mons Ranarum), that provided a safe haven from the water and marshes.[7] According to legend, Ider son of Nuth, who was one of King Arthur's knights, came to the Mount of Frogs on a quest to slay three giants who lived there.[8][9][10]
The hill has been claimed as the site of Mons Badonicus described by Gildas as happening in the year of his birth - one of several candidates for this cataclysmic clash.
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Brent Knoll) |
References
- ↑ Surname Database:Brentnall
- ↑ Brent Knoll Village website: A Brief History
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sylvanus Urban, ed., The Gentleman's Magazine (1846), p. 359: "The derivation from burning is not so extravagant, for such, we believe, is the authentic etymology of Brentwood, in Essex".
- ↑ "Strip lynchets and field system, Brent Knoll". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. http://www.somersetheritage.org.uk/record/10082. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
- ↑ Benjamin Clarke, The British gazetteer, political, commercial, ecclesiastical (1852), p. 405: "The name is evidently derived from its being situated on the banks of the river Brent..."
- ↑ Adkins, Lesley and Roy (1992). A field Guide to Somerset Archeology. Stanbridge: Dovecote press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 0-946159-94-7.
- ↑ "Brent Knoll (Sacred sites around Glastonbury)". Isle of Avalon. http://www.isleofavalon.co.uk/sacredsites/brentknoll.html. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
- ↑ Brent Knoll (Hillfort): The Modern Antiquarian
- ↑ "A guide to Somerset's mysterious sites". Mysterious Britain Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 2007-09-26. https://web.archive.org/web/20070926230227/http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/england/somerset/somerset6.html. Retrieved 2007-05-24.
- ↑ "A gazetteer of Arthurian sites". Southern Methdodist University. Archived from the original on 2007-04-03. https://web.archive.org/web/20070403154628/http://faculty.smu.edu/arthuriana/gazetteer.htm. Retrieved 2007-05-24.