Moor Park Mansion
| Moor Park Mansion | |
| Hertfordshire | |
|---|---|
 Moor Park Mansion | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | TQ075933 |
| Location: | 51°37’42"N, 0°26’53"W |
| History | |
| Built From 1720 | |
| For: | Benjamin Styles by Giacomo Leoni |
| Country house | |
| Palladian | |
| Information | |
| Owned by: | Moor Park Golf Club |
Moor Park is a grand Palladian mansion set within several hundred acres of parkland to the south-east of Rickmansworth in Hertfordshire. It is called Moor Park Mansion because it is in the old park of the 'Manor of More'.
The village, or rather the private estate, of Moor Park is to the east of the mansion's parkland.
History
The original house was built in 1678–9 for James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, and inherited by his wife, Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch after he was beheaded for leading the Monmouth Rebellion. Before her death in 1732, it was bought by Benjamin Hoskins Styles, who had made a fortune in the South Sea Company (before the notorious bubble burst). The current appearance of the mansion traces to him.[1]
Styles had the house remodelled in the 1720s. The principal architect was Giacomo Leoni,[2] initially assisted by the painter Sir James Thornhill. Leoni refaced the house with Portland stone and added a great Corinthian portico on the south front and Tuscan colonnades (since removed).
Inside, Thornhill was commissioned to paint the Great Hall and the Grand Stair,[3] complete with a dome in imitation of St Peter's Basilica in Rome. However, Thornhill quarrelled with Styles and left the project before its completion. The paintings on the Grand Stair date from 1732 and depict the Origin of the Seasons from Ovid's Metamorphoses by Francesco Sleter, a Venetian artist who studied under Jacopo Amigoni. All that remains of Styles' work on the Grand Stair is a single panel over a doorway, uncovered during restoration work in 2002.
After the Thornhill's departure, Amigoni was commissioned to paint the four pictures in the Great Hall—the story of Jupiter and Io, again from Ovid's Metamorphoses. The wall paintings in the erroneously named Thornhill Room are probably by Sleter and Amigoni, while the ceiling was painted somewhat earlier by Antonio Verrio, and depicts Aurora and the Dawn.[4]
In 1752 the house was bought by Admiral Lord Anson who commissioned Capability Brown to remake the formal gardens in sweeping "landscape style" with a small lake. Horace Walpole was not impressed: "I was not much struck with it, after all the miracles I had heard Brown had performed there. He has undulated the horizon in so many artificial molehills , that it is full as unnatural as if it was drawn with a rule and compasses."[5] Further owners succeeded at regular intervals until the enlarged estate was sold to the Robert Grosvenor, 1st Baron Ebury in 1828. Earl Grosvenor, son of the Duke of Westminster, built the gateway at Batchworth Heath and planted the pleasure grounds with trees and ornamental shrubs. It is said that the commercial strawberry, a hybrid of the European strawberry and a Chilean species, was first cultivated in the kitchen gardens of Moor Park, as had been the "Moorpark" fuzzless apricot in an earlier day.[6] Lord Leverhulme purchased Moor Park and commissioned golf course designer Harry Colt to lay out the courses that now surround the mansion. These opened in 1923.[7]
During the Second World War, the mansion was requisitioned, becoming the Headquarters of the 1st Airborne Corps. Operation Market Garden, the abortive mission to capture the bridges of the Lower Rhine in 1944, was planned in a first floor room, now named 'the Arnhem Room', after the mission.
Moor Park Golf Club now has its clubhouse in the building, and since buying the freehold of the mansion in 1994, has completely restored and refurbished the building and paintings.[7]
Outside links
References
- ↑ Furtado, p120.
- ↑ Furtado, p120.
- ↑ Hudson, pp657-661.
- ↑ "Antonio Verrio (c1636-1707): his career and surviving work.". British Art Journal. 22 December 2009. http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Antonio+Verrio+%28c1636-1707%29%3A+his+career+and+surviving+work.-a0287750777. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
- ↑ Walpole to George Montagu, 4 July 1760.
- ↑ "British apricots, finally ripe and ready". The Telegraph. 19 September 2013. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/10318530/British-apricots-finally-ripe-and-ready.html. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Club history". Moor Park Golf Club. http://www.moorparkgc.co.uk/mansion/club_history/. Retrieved 2 May 2015.
- Furtado, Peter (1986). Country Life Book of Castles and Houses in Britain. London: Newnes Books, Hamlyn Publishing Group.
- Hudson, T.T. (Nov 1971). Burlington Magazine, vol.113, no.824. Moor Park, Leoni and Sir James Thornhill. London.