Zeal Monachorum
| Zeal Monachorum | |
| Devon | |
|---|---|
 Thatched cottage in Zeal Monachorum | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SS720035 |
| Location: | 50°49’0"N, 3°49’0"W |
| Data | |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Mid Devon |
Zeal Monachorum is a village in Devon, about eighteen miles north-west of Exeter, in the very heart of the county’s hilly interior. The village stands on the River Yeo.
According to the 2001 census, Zeal Monachorum had a population of 398.
The parish of Zeal Monachorum covers an area of almost 3,400 acres. It sits at the centre of Devon, between the A3072 Okehampton to Crediton road on the south and the B3220 Torrington to Morchard Road on the north, about halfway between Crediton and Okehampton. The village itself is on the south-facing hillside of the Yeo valley looking towards Dartmoor.
The civil parish includes a number of hamlets such as East Leigh, Leigh Cross and Waie.
A mile to the south-west of the village is Reeve Castle, a large turreted house dated 1900 and restored from a ruinous state in the late twentieth century.[1]
Name
Although this is an ancient village, its name is mediæval. The suffix, Monachorum is Latin for 'of the monks'. 'Zeal' is from the French 'celle', meaning a cell; specifically a monastic cell.
It appears that in the Anglo-Saxon period the village was known as 'Limet'; an old name for the river in the village, now known as the Lapford Yeo. ('Yeo' is from the old English ea simply meaning 'river'.) There is a charter of dated 967 referring to land at Lesmanoac, thought to be Zeal Monachorum.
Early maps refer to the settlement as 'Monkenfield', 'Munkton' and 'Monks Nymet'. The present name is written earlier as Sele and Zele.
History
In the Domesday Book of 1086, the present parish of Zeal Monachorum consisted of four manors, Zeal Monachorum and Burston (both known as Limet), Newton and Loosebeare.
In the Middle Ages the manor belonged to the Abbey of Buckfast; their tradition held that it was granted to the abbey in 1018 by King Cnut (along with the manor of Down St Mary), The manor remained the property of Buckfast Abbey until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539.
The link with the Cistercian abbey is seen on the village sign at the top of Town Hill outside the church.
The sale of the manor of Monckenzeale or Zealemonachorum is reported in documents of 1616.
In 1841 the parish covered over 3,000 acres and had a population of about 600. The Lord of the Manor owned nearly 500 acres, and other large estates included Beer, Sutton, the three Newtons, Burrow, Loosebeare, the Higher, Middle and Lower Burston, Barons Wood, Gillhouse, Foldhay, Higher Week, Serston, Nymphays, Waie and Tuckingmill. By 1901 the population had dropped to 316 and by the end of the First World War in which 19 members of the parish lost their lives, the population was 271.
Churches
The parish church dates from 1235 with a late-Saxon font and a yew tree reputed to be at least 1,000 years old in the churchyard. The exterior of the tower dates from the early 16th century with a 13th-century interior still extant. It was originally one story higher.
Five of the present peal of six bells were cast in 1749 and the sixth was added in 1925. The Devon Association of Bellringers was founded at Zeal Monachorum in 1924. Ringing ceased in 1967 when the tower became unsafe. After strengthening and renovation, ringing began again in 1990. In 2005 a major restoration was undertaken, funded by a local appeal which raised over £30,000. The bells were rededicated on 18 August 2007. The church clock was also refurbished in 2007 with joint Devon County, Parish Council and Parochial Church Council funding.
There has also been an active Independent Congregational Chapel in the village since the late 19th century, with members of church and chapel attending each other's festive services.
Community
Regular community events are held in the village hall which is maintained and managed by a locally elected committee. The hall was originally a primary (public elementary) school which had 108 pupils in 1923 and many more during the Second World War when evacuees arrived, but it closed in 1954. The Church Hall was demolished in 1958, and the site is now a car park.
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Zeal Monachorum) |
References
- ↑ "Reeve Castle". britishlistedbuildings.co.uk. http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-95626-reeve-castle-incuding-adjoining-glasshous. Retrieved 2011-05-27.