Machrie Moor Stone Circles
Machrie Moor Stone Circles is the collective name for six stone circles visible on Machrie Moor near the settlement of Machrie on the Isle of Arran, Buteshire.
Description
- Location map: 55°32’27"N, 5°18’49"W
Six stone circles are visible on the moor immediately east of the derelict Moss Farm.[1] Some circles are formed of granite boulders, while others are built of tall red sandstone pillars.[1] The moor is covered with other prehistoric remains, including standing stones, burial cairns and cists.[1] The stone circles are positioned over previous timber circles.[2] A radiocarbon date of 2030 ± 180 BC has been determined for the timber circle at Machrie Moor 1.[3] Several hut circles can also be seen as low rings of turf-covered stone.[1]
The six stone circles lie below a prominent notch on the skyline to the north-east where Machrie Glen divides into two steep-sided valleys.[4] At the summer solstice the notch is intersected by the sun at sunrise, and this may explain why the circles were sited in this location.[4]
The stone circles were recorded in 1861 by James Bryce, and numbered 1 to 5.[5] Five other monuments in the area were numbered 6 to 10, and when subsequently a further stone circle was discovered almost completely submerged in peat in 1978, it was numbered Machrie Moor 11.[5] Around 1 kilometer to the west is the remains of the Moss Farm Road Stone Circle (Machrie Moor 10).[6][3]
Machrie Moor 1
Machrie Moor 1 (NR91203239) is an ellipse with axes 42 feet and 48 feet.[7] It is formed from six granite boulders and five sandstone slabs, arranged alternately.[7] Four of the granite blocks have fallen.[7]
Machrie Moor 2
Machrie Moor 2 (NR91143241) is the most visually striking of the circles on Machrie Moor.[1] This circle has a diameter of 45 feet, and may originally have consisted of seven or eight tall sandstone slabs, three of which survive intact, while stumps of others may be seen.[8] The heights of the three intact stones range from 12 feet to 16 feet.[8] Within the circle are two large stones, apparently cut from a fallen pillar, one of which now has a central hole as if for conversion to a millstone.[8] Excavations in 1861 revealed a cist in the centre of the circle.[8] A food vessel was found in this central cist.[1] A second, empty, short cist was found between the centre and the northeast upright stone.[8]
Machrie Moor 3
Machrie Moor 3 (NR91023244) originally consisted of nine stones.[9] Only one still stands, 14 feet high, but the stumps of others are still partially visible in the peat.[9] The stones form a geometrical egg-shape.[9] Excavations in 1861 uncovered a small cist in the centre containing an urn with some fragments of burnt bone and flint flakes.[9] A second cist was found a yard south of the centre; it contained a crouched burial, also with some flint flakes.[9]
Machrie Moor 4
Machrie Moor 4 (NR91003235) consists of four granite blocks, about 3 feet high.[10] Excavations in 1861 uncovered a cist in the centre.[10] In it was an inhumation accompanied by a food vessel, a bronze awl, and three flint flakes.[10]
Machrie Moor 5
Machrie Moor 5 (NR90873234) called "Suidh Coire Fhionn" or "Fingal's Cauldron Seat" consists of two concentric rings of granite boulders.[11] The inner circle is 39 feet in diameter and consists of eight granite boulders.[11] Excavations in 1861 uncovered an empty, ruined cist in the centre.[11] The outer circle is approximately 59 feet in diameter and is formed of fifteen granite boulders.[11] The outer circle is said to form a geometrical egg-shape.[11]
Machrie Moor 11
Machrie Moor 11 (NR91213242) is a low stone circle with a diameter of around 43 feet.[12] The tallest of the stones is about 4 feet high on the western side.[12] Excavations in 1978-9 revealed 10 upright stones, with a pit between each stone possibly representing a post-hole.[12]
Other prehistoric remains
James Bryce listed five other antiquities to the west of the stone circles in 1861.
- Machrie Moor 6 (NR90733237) is the remains of a possible chambered cairn consisting of two touching upright stone slabs at right angles.[13]
- Machrie Moor 7 (NR90633253) is a standing stone 5 feet tall.[14]
- Machrie Moor 8 (NR90573237) is the remains of a probable chambered cairn comprising an oval spread of stones approximately 66 feet by 52 feet.[15] The most obvious feature is a 6-foot tall standing stone within the east edge of the cairn surrounded by several smaller stones which may have been part of a chamber or facade.[15]
- Machrie Moor 9 (NR905324) was a standing stone of which no obvious trace remains.[16]
- Machrie Moor 10 (NR90053265) is the Moss Farm Road Stone Circle.[17]
-
Machrie Moor 6 -
Machrie Moor 7 -
Machrie Moor 8 -
Machrie Moor 10
Around three-quarters of a mile to the east of the Machrie Moor Stone Circles, near the B880 road (NR92443225), is another stone-setting consisting of three granite boulders and which perhaps originally consisted of four stones.[18]
Outside links
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Machrie Moor Stone Circles: Historic Scotland
- ↑ Richards, Colin (2013). Building the Great Stone Circles of the North. Windgather Press. pp. 50–. ISBN 978-1-909686-15-1. https://books.google.com/books?id=gOAdCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA50.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Burl, Aubrey (2005). A Guide to the Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Brittany. Yale University Press. ISBN 0300114060.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Burl, Aubrey (2005). A Guide to the Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Brittany. Yale University Press. pp. 118. ISBN 0300114060.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Machrie Moor" in Current Archaeology (1988), page 35
- ↑ @Moss Farm Road Stone Circle, Historic Scotland, accessed 1 May 2014
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 1
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 2
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 3
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 4
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 5
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 11
- ↑ CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 6
- ↑ CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 7
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 8
- ↑ CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 9
- ↑ CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Machrie Moor 10
- ↑ CANMORE (RCAHMS) record of Ballymichael, Arran Bridge Farm, Stone Setting