Balsall Heath
| Balsall Heath | |
| Worcestershire | |
|---|---|
 Balsall Heath Baths and Library | |
| Location | |
| Location: | 52°27’28"N, 1°53’31"W |
| Data | |
| Post town: | Birmingham |
| Postcode: | B12 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Birmingham |
Balsall Heath is a working-class inner-city area of Birmingham, within Worcestershire. It has a diverse cultural mix of people and is the location of the Balti Triangle. The Moseley Yield is one of the divisions of the ancient parish of King's Norton, which also includes adjacent King's Heath.
History
Balsall Heath was agricultural land between Moseley village and Birmingham until the 1850s when expansion along Moseley Road joined the two. It was annexed by Birmingham Corporation on 1 October 1891.
During negotiations in the previous year it had been promised a public baths and a free library. In 1895, the library was opened on Moseley Road and, in 1907, Balsall Heath Baths were opened in an adjoining building.
In 1900, the city's College of Art was also opened on Moseley Road. By this time the small lake ("Lady Pool" on old maps) at the end of Ladypool Road had been filled in to create a park.
Balsall Heath initially had a reasonably affluent population, which can still be seen in the dilapidated grandeur of some of the larger houses. A railway station on Brighton Road (on the Birmingham to Bristol line) led to further expansion, and the end of the 19th century saw a proliferation of high-density small terraced houses.
A Muslim community was started in June 1940 when two Yemenis purchased an artisan cottage on Mary Street. With the mosque being located in the area, more Muslim immigrants began to move into private lodgings in Balsall Heath.[1] Today, Balsall Heath has one of the largest Muslim communities in Birmingham. It is also home to diverse communities from across the Commonwealth.
By the 1980s, many of Balsall Heath's houses were in a dilapidated condition; some still lacked bathrooms or indoor toilets. The local council considered demolishing these properties but chose to refurbish them as part of an urban renewal scheme. Most of these Victorian terraces still exist and, along with more modern social housing, characterise the area today. The area's traditional 'brick' pavements were replaced at this time by the more modern and conventional paving slabs.
Balsall Heath's low rents also attracted a bohemian student population. Its proximity to the University of Birmingham, the city centre and the "trendy" area of Moseley were all contributing factors. There was little conflict between the students and locals despite their vastly differing lifestyles. However, a knife-incident in 1991 led to an article in |Redbrick warning students not to live in the area.
In July 2005, Balsall Heath was hit by a tornado, which devastated many buildings around Church Road and Ladypool Road. Birmingham City Council offered loans to those who would otherwise be unable to repair their properties, and the area has now made a full recovery.
Red-light era
Street prostitution first appeared in Balsall Heath during the 1950s. Property values fell, attracting Birmingham's poorer migrants. By the 1970s, the area was notorious for street robberies and drug dealing. Cheddar Road was the centre of a red-light district worked by 450 women. About half of the 50 houses on this road had prostitutes advertising themselves in the windows, similar to Amsterdam. It was labelled Britain's busiest cul-de-sac.[2]
In 1986, an organisation called ANAWIM was formed by the Sisters of Charity to provide outreach support to the prostitutes.[3]
In September 1992, a report was published encouraging the formation of a zone of tolerance towards prostitution in Balsall Heath. This was opposed by residents and a local police inspector. In the following year Samo Paull, a woman working as a prostitute, was abducted from Balsall Heath and murdered.
In 1994, residents began to organise street patrols forcing the prostitutes and street criminals out of the area. These patrols had the qualified support of the police but were regarded as vigilantes by some. There was an immediate two-thirds reduction in street and window prostitution.[2] By November 1995, they had been almost completely eliminated.
The area has enjoyed a slow revival. House prices are now similar to those in other inner-city areas, while the crime rate is among the lowest.
Notable buildings
- Moseley Road Baths
- Moseley School of Art
- St Barnabas' Church
- St Paul's Church
Notable residents
- Donnaleigh Bailey, Michelle Corrigan in the Birmingham-based soap Doctors (2000 TV series)|Doctors
- Alderman John Bowen, JP
- Percy Bullock, Worcestershire cricketer
- Howard R. Davies, racing motorcyclist.
- Alan Deakin, former Aston Villa captain
- Oscar Deutsch, founder of the Odeon Cinemas|Odeon cinema chain
- David Edgar, playwright
- John Kenneally VC
- Don Maclean, comedian
- Conroy Maddox, surrealist artist
- William Mosedale, George Cross recipient
- Sir Robert Howson Pickard FRS, stereochemist and vice-chancellor of the University of London 1937–1939
- Anthony E. Pratt, inventor of the board game Cluedo
- UB40, a reggae band
References
- ↑ Abner Cohen (2004). Urban Ethnicity. Routledge. pp. 96. ISBN 0-415-32982-5.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 David Crabtree (14 February 2011). "Big Society Alive and Kicking in Inner City". Sky News. http://news.sky.com/home/uk-news/article/15929966. Retrieved 5 November 2011.
- ↑ "ANAWIM Celebrates Silver Jubilee". The Balsall Heathan (St Paul's Community Trust) (308). November 2011.
- V.M. Hart (1992) Balsall Heath: A History. Brewin Books Limited
- J. Moth (1951) The City of Birmingham Baths Department 1851 – 1951.