Exbury House

Exbury House
Hampshire
Location
Grid reference:	SU42380005
Location:	50°47’55"N, 1°24’-0"W
Village:	Exbury
History
	Country house
Information
Owned by:	Rothschild family

Exbury House is a country house in Exbury, n south-western Hampshire, on the edge of the New Forest.

The house is a Grade II* listed building with associated Grade II* listed parkland and gardens.

The house consists of an 18th-century core which was redesigned and refaced in 1927. Constructed of brick and ashlar with a slate roof, it has a rectangular floor plan (with one corner sliced off), 3 storeys and a parapet around the roof. The long side garden frontage has 9 bays and a colonnaded entrance. The main entrance front on the sliced off corner has 5-bays.

The gardens, now separately enjoyed as Exbury Gardens, were laid out by Lionel de Rothschild between 1919 and 1939 and contain specialist collections of rhododendrons and other species.

History

Exbury Manor dates from the 13th century. It belonged to the Berkeley family in the 15th century and the Compton family of Compton Wynyates in Warwickshire in the 16th. In 1708 it passed to William Mitford and thence down to his grandson, the historian William Mitford (1744–1827). On the latter's death it passed directly to his grandson Henry Reveley Mitford, whose father had been drowned at sea in 1803 after his ship hit Bell Rock. Henry sold it to Major John Forster in the early 1880s, whose son sold it in turn to the financier Lionel de Rothschild in 1919.

Rothschild remodelled and upgraded the house, developed the gardens and extended the village of Exbury. He died in 1942 and the house was requisitioned by the Royal Navy as a headquarters for the Normandy Invasion. The house was known for the duration of the war as HMS "Mastodon", HMS "Hawk" and HMS "King Alfred."

The house was finally returned to the Rothschild family in 1955 and Rothschild's son Edmund was able to renew the plant breeding program. The house itself was not reoccupied as a private residence until 1989.

In literature

In Nevil Shute's novel, "Requiem for a Wren, Janet Prentice, the heroine, finds herself, as a Women's Royal Naval Service specialist in landing craft guns, assigned to HMS Mastodon in the preparations for Normandy. In the novel, Shute identifies Mastodon as Exbury, and describes the wonder of Prentice and a fellow Wren when they first arrive at the grand river-front house and explore its gardens. Among other things, they find underground irrigation systems, carefully labelled plants, and ". . .a rock garden half as large as Trafalgar Square that was a mass of bloom. . ." All of this, says Shute, was tended by a gardening staff that ". . . had been reduced from fifty to a mere eighteen old men."

Gardens

Main article: Exbury Gardens

The gardens have been open to the public since 1950, run since 1988 by Exbury Gardens Ltd on a long lease from the Rothschild family.