St Osyth
| St Osyth | |
| Essex | |
|---|---|
 The Red Lion Pub | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | TM123156 |
| Location: | 51°47’56"N, 1°4’48"E |
| Data | |
| Population: | 4,277 (2011[1]) |
| Post town: | Clacton-on-Sea |
| Postcode: | CO16 |
| Dialling code: | 01255 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Tendring |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Clacton |
St Osyth is a village and parish in north-east Essex, about five miles west of Clacton-on-Sea and about 12 miles south-east of Colchester. It is located on the B1027 road and is named after Osgyth, a 7th-century saint and princess. The name is locally pronounced "Toosey". St Osyth is claimed to be the driest recorded place in the United Kingdom. The parish also includes Point Clear.
History
Before being renamed to commemorate St Osyth, the village was called Chich (also spelt Chiche or Chick), from an Old English word meaning "bend",[2] in reference to St Osyth Creek. Thomas Darcy, the first Baron Darcy of Chiche was buried in St Osyth.
St Osyth was the subject of an episode of Channel 4's Time Team programme, "Lost Centuries of St Osyth", (series 12 episode 9, first broadcast in February 2005). The programme sought to uncover the early origins of the village, which was presumed to have grown up about the same time as the Priory, in the 12th century. Many of the investigations around the current village centre found little evidence of settlement earlier than the 14th century; it appeared that the early village centre lay some way off, between the Priory and the river.
The village was a focus for the St Osyth witch persecutions in the 16th and 17th centuries. A total of ten local women were hanged as a result. In 1921 the skeletons of two women were discovered in the garden of a house in the village. One was claimed to be the witch Ursley Kempe, who was the first to be prosecuted. The skeletons became a local tourist attraction.[3]
Legend of Saint Osyth
Legend has it that Saint Osyth, Osgyth or Ositha was a young lady involved in various fantastical events during her lifetime (c. 700).[4] The legends include:
- A young Osyth drowned in a stream, but was revived by nuns from the local convent praying for her for three days.
- Osyth was executed by beheading; where she fell a spring issued forth from the ground. She picked up her head and walked to the door of the nunnery, where she knocked three times on the door before collapsing.
- Osyth's ghost walks along the priory walls carrying her head one night each year.
Geography
St Osyth is claimed to be the driest recorded place in the United Kingdom, with an average rainfall of just 513 mm per year.[6] Although a significant part of the parish boundary is coastline, which does not need to be "beaten", St Osyth is one parish which maintains the tradition of beating the bounds on Rogation days.[7]
Landmarks
The most notable building in the village is undoubtedly St Osyth's Priory,[9] a group of Grade-I listed buildings.[8][10][11][12][13]
The Abbey was the home to the Earls of Rochford, following William III's creation of the title for William Nassau de Zuylestein in 1695.
St Osyth's Priory was once the home of a herd of polled White Park cattle, until an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in 1951, which led to their slaughter. A contemporary account states:
At St Osyth Priory, where an outbreak occurred last week, there was one of the few remaining herds of White Park cattle, one of the oldest breeds in this country. That has now been slaughtered, together with the small dairy herd and the stock of pigs. The farm is attached to the convalescent home maintained at the Priory by the Shepherds Friendly Society.[14]
The land within the Priory boundaries is shown as a Deer Park on the Ordnance Survey map.[15]
The village church is dedicated to Saints Peter and Paul.[16] The Martello tower at Point Clear has been converted into a war museum.[17]
Another landmark is Mill Dam Lake, which is filled and emptied from St Osyth Creek. It is used for water skiing.
St Osyth Beach
The neighbouring settlement of St Osyth Beach contains Essex's largest concentration of static caravan parks, including Seawick, St Osyth Beach (owned by Park Holidays UK) and Hutleys. The holiday parks boost the local population in the summer months by an estimated 7,000 people. Part of the beach is used for nude bathing.[18][lower-alpha 1]
St Osyth Beach and adjoining Jaywick were the scene of fatalities during "The Great Flood" of 1953.
Entertainment
The Venue is an entertainment venue that opened in St Osyth in early 2009. In its opening year it played host to the Sugababes, N-Dubz, The Drifters, Ricky Tomlinson, Kevin Bloody Wilson and The Stylistics.
The St Osyth Social Club in Church Square is home to league darts teams, St Osyth Social, The Priorymen and SOSC Ladies.
Notable people
In order of birth:
- Ursula Kemp (c. 1525–1582), midwife, was tried and hanged for witchcraft.
- William Nassau de Zuylestein, 1st Earl of Rochford (1649–1708), Anglo-Dutch soldier and diplomat
- William Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford (1717–1781), diplomat and statesman
- Benjamin Golding (1793–1863), founder of Charing Cross Hospital
- Somerset de Chair (1911–1995), author and politician, owned St Osyth's Priory from 1954 until his death.
Notes and references
- ↑ The naturist beach is located at 51°46’13"N, 1°4’4"E[19]
- ↑ "Ward/Civil Parish population 2011". http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11128904&c=CO7+8QZ&d=16&e=62&g=6426213&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=0&s=1443192044881&enc=1. Retrieved 25 September 2015.
- ↑ Hanks, Patrick; Hodges, Flavia; Mills, David; Room, Adrian (2002). The Oxford Names Companion. Oxford: the University Press. p. 1179. ISBN 0198605617.
- ↑ Rowlands, Alison. "BONES OF CONTENTION". Centre for Local and Regional History. University of Essex. http://www.essex.ac.uk/history/research/local-history/bones%20of%20contention.shtm. Retrieved 6 May 2009.
- ↑ Catholic Encyclopedia: Saint Osyth
- ↑ "Earls Hall Farm windfarm (United-Kingdom)". The Wind Power. October 2013. http://www.thewindpower.net/windfarm_en_19254_earls-hall-farm.php. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
- ↑ Dwan, James (4 January 2007). "St Osyth: Village is driest place in the UK". Colchester: Daily Gazette. http://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/1103618.st_osyth_village_is_driest_place_in_the_uk/. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
- ↑ Parish Council website
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 National Heritage List 1111495: St Osyth's Priory, Gatehouse and east and west flanking ranges (Grade I listing)
- ↑ Henry Thorold, The Ruined Abbeys of England, Wales and Scotland, Collins, 1993
- ↑ National Heritage List 1146545: St Osyth's Priory the Darcy Tower also known as Abbot's Tower and vaulting to west (Grade I listing)
- ↑ National Heritage List 1166377: St Osyth's Priory the Chapel of St Osyth and ruins attached to north (Grade I listing)
- ↑ National Heritage List 1337158: St Osyth's Priory: The Abbot's Lodging and South Wing, the Darcy Clock Tower and C18 House (formerly listed as the Convalescent Home) (Grade I listing)
- ↑ National Heritage List 1337159: St Osyth's Priory ruined east ranges of the Darcy House including the Tower and Chapel (Grade I listing)
- ↑ Essex Farming – 1900–2000 by Peter Wormell, published by Abberton Books
- ↑ Joyce, Terry (2008). "TM1216 : Deer Park, St Osyth". Geograph Britain and Ireland. https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/756530. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ National Heritage List 1111513: Church of St Peter and St Paul (Grade I listing)
- ↑ National Heritage List 1309070: Martello Tower (Grade II listing)
- ↑ Rutherford, Tristan (15 June 2015). "Britain's best nudist or naturist beaches". Telegraph.co.uk. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/uk/11675401/Britains-best-nudist-or-naturist-beaches.html. Retrieved 16 August 2015.
- ↑ "St Osyth Naturist Beach". naturistdirectory.com. http://www.naturistdirectory.com/UK/1246/St-Osyth-Naturist-Beach. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about St Osyth) |