Hauxton
| Hauxton | |
| Cambridgeshire | |
|---|---|
 Church of St Edmund, Hauxton | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | TL437523 |
| Location: | 52°8’56"N, -0°6’13"E |
| Data | |
| Population: | 687 (2001) |
| Post town: | Cambridge |
| Postcode: | CB22 |
| Dialling code: | 01223 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | South Cambridgeshire |
Hauxton is a small village in the meadows of southern Cambridgeshire, around 5 miles to the southwest of Cambridge. It sits next to its neighbour, Harston, on the land between the two branches of the River Cam; the Granta and the Rhee, which are united just to the north of the village. Hauxton is on the banks of the larger river, the Granta.
History
Hauxton has been occupied for well over two thousand years thanks to its position on the River Granta and a ford near Hauxton Mill that has probably been used since the Bronze Age. A bridge was added in the 14th century. A settlement to the northeast of the mill, with a cemetery of over 100 graves is believed to have been in use from the early Iron Age, through Belgic and Roman occupation until Anglo-Saxon times.[1]
The history of Hauxton has long been tied to that of neighbouring Newton; they were ruled by a single manor, were a single civil parish until the 16th century and until 1930 formed a single ecclesiastical parish. There were disputes over the parish boundaries with Harston and Little Shelford until they were finally settled in 1800, when the parish of Hauxton was set at 591 acres.[1]
In 970 the land around Newton and Hauxton was passed to King Edgar who offered them to Bishop Æthelwold for the new Abbey at Ely. However, Edgar died before the lands were transferred and the lands were subject to a series of disputes until they were purchased for the Abbey.[1]
At the time of the Domesday Book the manor at Hauxton was owned by Ely Abbey and remained so until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. Since then the manor has been owned by the Dean and Chapter of Ely Cathedral.[1]
The modern village built up along a single street that runs approximately parallel to the River Granta from the old London to Cambridge road (now the A10) towards Little Shelford. From the 14th century there was an additional settlement, known as Mill End, around the mill site. The settlement grew, particularly when the road became a turnpike and two alehouses, the Ship and the Chequers, opened in the late 18th century.[1]
Listed as Hafucestune in the 10th century and Hauochestun in the Domesday Book, the name Hauxton means "Hafoc's estate"; Hafoc is a known name form the Anglo-Saxon period and means "Hawk". In 1316 the village was noted as Haukestone.[2][3]
Church
The parish church, dedicated to St Edmund since the 15th century, was probably founded before the Norman Conquest. The present building is small and comprises a chancel, nave, and west tower. It has been largely unchanged since its construction in the 12th century, other than the addition of the three-storey tower in the 15th century.[1] The church is Grade I listed.[4]
A recess in the south wall contains a contemporary painting of Thomas Becket that was rediscovered in 1860.[1]
Village life
Hauxton had a 2001 population of 687 and boasts a gym, a sub post office, an organic food shop and a church.
In addition to the Ship and Chequers at Mill End (the latter of which closed between 1930 and 1960), Hauxton formerly had two public houses, The King's Head and The Leather Gaiters, which opened in the mid-19th century. The King's Head closed before 1961, and The Leather Gaiters followed soon after.[1]
The village comprises four main roads:
- Church Road (which becomes High Street at its eastern end) is the main road
- The Lane
- Jopling Way
- Willow Way
Hauxton Primary School is at the western end of Jopling Way.
The village achieved attention in 2010 when remediation of the former Bayer Crop Sciences site became a source of concern over air pollution. The site had produced pesticides under the ownership of successive manufacturers until its closure. Remediation was undertaken by Vertase plc, and monitored by the council and a number of national environmental protection bodies. These bodies concluded that the remediation process, although it generated unpleasant odours over a wide area, was essentially harmless to health. Nonetheless a protest group HauxAir was formed to campaign for either immediate cessation of the remediation process or a change in the techniques used.[5][6]
Outside links
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Hauxton) |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 'Parishes: Hauxton and Newton', A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 8, pp. 194-20
- ↑ A. D. Mills (2003). "A Dictionary of British Place-Names". http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Hauxton.html.
- ↑ Cambridge Antiquarian Society
- ↑ National Heritage List 1164672: Church of St Edmund
- ↑ "GPs meet over chemical health fears in Cambridgeshire". BBC. 30 June 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10462148.
- ↑ Bayer site - South Cambridgeshire District Council