View source for Great Haywood Junction

{{county|Staffordshire}}
[[File:Haywood Junction.jpg|thumb|300px|Haywood Junction, with the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal through the roving bridge]]
'''Haywood Junction''' or '''Great Haywood Junction''', is the name of the canal junction where the [[Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal]] terminates and meets the [[Trent and Mersey Canal]] near to the village of [[Great Haywood]], [[Staffordshire]].

==History==
The Trent and Mersey Canal was conceived as a way to provide a link between [[Liverpool]] and [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], passing through the Potteries. It was authorised by an Act of Parliament in 1766, and with James Brindley acting as engineer, its 93 miles were completed eleven years later in 1777.<ref>{{harvnb |Nicholson |2003 |p=149}}</ref>

Brindley also built the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, which was begun at much the same time as the Trent and Mersey, and was completed in 1772. It joined the Trent and Mersey Canal at Great Haywood,<ref>{{harvnb |Nicholson |2003 |p=127}}</ref> and was part of his Grand Cross plan to link four estuaries: the [[Humber]], [[Thames]], [[Severn]] and [[Mersey]].<ref>{{harvnb |Mosse |2010 |p=11}}</ref> Haywood Junction therefore became a major transport interchange.

==Location==
At Great Haywood, the Trent and Mersey Canal heads north, as it continues its ascent from [[Derwent Mouth]] towards its short summit near [[Stoke on Trent]]. Haywood Lock is just to the south, while Hoo Mill Lock is a little further to the north. The [[River Trent]] runs to the west of the canal, much too small at this point to support navigation.<ref name=nic134>{{harvnb |Nicholson |2003 |pp=134–135}}</ref> Derwent Mouth, where the canal joins the river, is 39 miles from the junction, while Etruria Lock, where the summit level begins, is 19 miles away.<ref>{{harvnb |Cumberlidge |2009 |pp=315–317}}</ref>

The Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal heads west from the junction. The Trent and Mersey towpath is carried over it by a bridge, and almost immediately, it crosses the River Trent on an aqueduct. It follows the valley of the [[River Sow]], which joins the Trent below the junction, and soon reaches Tixall Wide, a broad expanse of water, which, although it looks like a lake, is deep enough to allow boats to reach its edges. Shugborough Park and Hall, now owned by the National Trust, is located to the south, and Tixall Gatehouse is to the north. The canal ascends through Tixall Lock, after which is crossed the Sow on another aqueduct.<ref name=nic134/> Tixall Lock is 1⅓ miles from the junction.<ref>{{harvnb |Cumberlidge |2009 |p=275}}</ref>
 
Shugborough Hall was begun in 1695, was extended in the 1760s, and some remodelling was carried out at the end of the eighteenth century by Samuel Wyatt. Internally, the plasterwork is magnificent, and the building is grade I listed.<ref>{{NHLE|1079637|Shugborough Hall}}</ref> Many of the structures within the grounds are also listed. Tixall Lodge is a small octagonal-shaped building with a stone dome, which bears the date 1807. It is grade II listed,<ref>{{NHLE|1258276|Bottle Lodge, Tixall}}</ref> as is the roving bridge at the junction.<ref>{{NHLE|11661699|Bridge 109, Haywood Canal Junction}}</ref> Just to the south of Haywood Lock, a bridge carries a footpath from Great Haywood to Shugborough Hall. The path crosses the Trent at Essex Bridge, a grade I listed structure with fourteen arches, which is only 4 ft wide. It was probably built in the 1500s, and is virtually unaltered.<ref>{{NHLE|1079635|Essex Bridge Colwich}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
{{Refbegin}}
*{{Cite book
  |first=Jane |last=Cumberlidge 
  |title=Inland Waterways of Great Britain (8th Ed.)
  |publisher=Imray Laurie Norie and Wilson 
  |year=2009 
  |isbn=978-1-84623-010-3
  |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book
  |first=Jonathan |last=Mosse
  |title=Waterways of Britain
  |publisher=Times Books
  |year=2010
  |isbn=978-0-00-787363-0
  |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book
  |last=Nicholson
  |authorlink=Nicholson Guides
  |title=Nicholson Guide Vol 3: Birmingham and the Heart of England
  |publisher=Harper Collins
  |year=2003
  |ref=harv}}
*{{cite book
  |first=Michael |last=Pearson
  |title=Canal Companion - Midland Rings
  |publisher=J. M. Pearson & Associates
  |year=1990
  |isbn=0-907864-53-8
  |ref=harv}}
{{Refend}}

==References==
*Location map: {{wmap|52.8041|-2.0089|zoom=14|name=Great Haywood Junction}}
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Canals in Staffordshire]]