Watercress Line
| Mid-Hants Railway | |
|
Hampshire | |
|---|---|
 60163 Tornado climbs the bank | |
| Grid reference: | SU630324 |
| Location: | 51°5’17"N, 1°6’4"W |
| No. of stations: | 2 |
| Track: | 10 miles |
| Headquarters: | Alresford |
| Information | |
| Operated by: | Mid-Hants Railway Ltd |
| Website: | watercressline.co.uk |
The Watercress Line is the marketing name of the Mid-Hants Railway, a heritage railway in Hampshire, running ten miles from New Alresford to Alton where it connects to the National Rail network. The line gained its popular name in the days when it was used to transport locally grown watercress to markets in London.
The railway currently operates regular scheduled services, along with dining trains, real ale trains and numerous special events throughout the year.
Contents
History
Within the rail network
In 1861,[1] the Alton, Alresford and Winchester Railway Company was authorised to build a new railway to connect to the existing London & South Western Railway lines at Alton and Winchester. It was opened on 2 October 1865[1] as the Mid-Hants Railway. Trains were operated by the London & South Western Railway[1] which eventually purchased the Mid-Hants Railway Company in 1884.[1]
Stations were initially constructed at Itchen Abbas, Ropley and Alresford.[1] The station at Alton was already in existence. The station at Medstead and Four Marks was added in 1868.[1] Just outside this station, the line is at its highest point (652 feet above sea level)[1] having risen from Alresford (263 feet above sea level)[1] and descending to Alton (339 feet above sea level).[1] The section of line became known as "the Alps",[1] due to the steep gradients that exist there.
The line provided an alternative route between London and Southampton[1] and, besides transporting locally produced watercress, was particularly important for military traffic between the army town of Aldershot and the military embarkation port at Southampton.[1]
With the development of motorised transport, the line declined[1] during the inter-war and post-war periods of the 20th Century and was further compromised by the closures of the Basingstoke and Alton Light Railway in 1932[1] and the Meon Valley Railway in 1955.[1] Electrification of the line from London to Alton in 1937 meant that the Watercress Line was no longer part of a through route; it became necessary to change at Alton.[1] Electrification of the line from London to Southampton occurred in 1967,[2] which further affected the economics of the Mid-Hants route.
The line became part of the Southern Railway in 1923[1] and then part of the Southern Region of British Railways in 1948.[1] It survived the Beeching Axe[1] in 1963, but was eventually closed by British Railways in February 1973.[1] During final years of operation under British Rail, passenger train services were operated by Class 205 ("2H") two carriage diesel-electric multiple units.
In 1941, prototype Merchant Navy Class 21C1 Channel Packet travelled as far as Alresford after the naming ceremony at Southampton for a trial run with press and dignitaries.
Heritage railway
The section of line from Alresford to Alton that can be seen today was purchased from British Rail in November 1975.[1] Reconstruction of the line subsequently progressed in stages.[1] The section between Alresford and Ropley re-opened on 30 April 1977.[1] To provide engineering and maintenance facilities, the main locomotive shed and workshops were constructed at Ropley. The extension to Medstead & Four Marks opened on 28 May 1983[1] and the final section to Alton opened on 25 May 1985.[1]
On 12 June 1982, a replica of Sans Pareil visited the Watercress Line, running successfully under its own power from Ropley to Alresford.
Some of the structures that can be seen on the Watercress Line today were not part of the original railway infrastructure; they have been added to make the line serviceable again and to recreate the feel of a fully operational steam railway. The line is now maintained by a small base of paid staff (mostly in administrative duties) and a core of over 400 volunteers.
The railway is a registered charity.[3]
Locomotives and rolling stock
The Mid-Hants Railway plays host to a large collection of steam and diesel locomotives, passenger carriages and restored wagons, most of which are from the 1920s to 1960s period. Steam locomotives operated include Bulleid Pacifics of the Merchant Navy and West Country, SR Lord Nelson class, Schools Class, S15, BR Standard Class 4, 9F, LMS Ivatt Tank & Black 5. Operated alongside these are a number of diesel locomotives including Class 33s, a Class 47, a Class 50, a Class 03 shunter, Class 08 shunters, a Class 11 shunter, and a Class 205 "Hampshire" multiple unit.
Stations of the Watercress Line
The Watercress Line has four stations on the site of former British Rail stations. All feature a passing loop, allowing trains to pass one another, with all but Alton station having two platforms connected via a footbridge.
- Alton – at the north-east end of the line. Alton has one passenger platform (two are assigned to South Western Railway), with a cross-platform connection to the town and to onwards services to London Waterloo. Alton effectively has two passing loops, one at, and one just outside the station, allowing trains to pass one another outside of the station and thus reducing the impact of the single platform during intensive operations.
- Medstead and Four Marks – the highest station in Hampshire and a depiction of a quiet 1940s Southern Railway station building. The line's Signal and Telegraph department is here, Permanent Way group and Building department. This is where trains usually pass on standard running days, with the exception of Ropley once a day.
- Ropley – the engineering centre of the line and the location of the locomotive maintenance and running sheds. The station has flower beds and topiary, adjoining is the largest signal box, controlling movements through the station, as well as much shunting to and from the locomotive yard.
- Alresford – at the southern end of the line is the top visitor station and has the most passenger facilities, including a museum, buffet and two shops. Most of the carriage stock is stored at this station, with Alresford Train Care performing day-to-day maintenance and cleaning of the carriages.[4]
Future developments
Before its closure, the railway joined the South West Main Line at Winchester Junction,[1] two miles north of Winchester. The cheapest viable proposals to reinstate the tracks to rejoin Winchester, calling for platforms, embankments, earth cuttings and/or tunnels, have proven too expensive to submit to government or large charities. The track would need to cross the M3 motorway and replace or tunnel underneath houses and gardens built across the right-of-way between the former other junction of the railway (with electrified railways) and Itchen Abbas.
Outside links
 |
("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Watercress Line) |
- The Watercress Line (Mid Hants Railway)
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 Alan C Butcher (1996). Mid-Hants railway in colour. ISBN 0-7110-2465-0.
- ↑ South Coast railways – Portsmouth to Southampton. Vic Mitchell and Keith Smith. ISBN 0-906520-31-2
- ↑ Mid-Hants Railway Preservation Society Limited - Registered Charity no. 284406 at the Charity Commission
- ↑ Railway Guide (Watercress Line, 1999)
- Hardingham, Roger (28 September 1995). The Mid-Hants Railway: From Construction to Closure (1st ed.). Runpast Publishing. ISBN 978-1-870754-29-3.
