Fortuneswell

From Wikishire
Revision as of 19:35, 13 May 2020 by RB (Talk | contribs) (Outside links)

(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)
Jump to: navigation, search
Fortuneswell
Dorset
Fortuneswell terraces - geograph.org.uk - 1029737.jpg
Fortuneswell from Priory Corner
Location
Grid reference: SY689732
Location: 50°33’30"N, 2°26’23"W
Data
Post town: Portland
Dialling code: 01305
Local Government
Council: Dorset

Fortuneswell is a village in Underhill on the Isle of Portland, in Dorset. It lies on steeply sloping land on the northern edge of the island, known as Underhill, where Chesil Beach, the tombolo which connects the island to the mainland, joins the island. Adjoining Fortuneswell and sharing the limited space on the northern slopes of the island are Chiswell to the west and Castletown to the north. Fortuneswell occupies the steepest land far above sea level, whereas Chiswell and Castletown occupy flat land close to sea level, next to Chesil Beach and Portland Harbour respectively. Fortuneswell has a main shopping street, and along with Easton, is the main hub of the Isle of Portland's activities.

As with the rest of Portland's settlements, Fortuneswell, including Maiden Well and Mallams, has been designated as a conservation area, to protect its special architectural and historic interest. Underhill, incorporating Fortuneswell and other settlements, was designated in 1976, with boundary extensions in 1997 and 2000.[1][2]

History

Fortuneswell was established around a natural watercourse and various springs.[3] It is likely that the Romans developed the village pond and wells. The main well was situated within the centre of the village.[2] The village name was first recorded as "Fortunes Well" in 1608, and evidence has suggested this originated from the belief in the occult star-telling power of its water, where one's luck could be seen.[4] Over the centuries the village was largely made up of open space, with high-quality houses spread out across the community.[5]

From the 1840s onwards Portland saw a large increase within its population, due to the construction of Portland Harbour's Breakwaters.[6] The housing demands placed upon the island saw the originality of Fortuneswell altered. A large number of terraces were erected across the village area, and were crammed into any available open space. The expansion continued into the 20th century, when the site of Tillycoombe Farm became a large housing estate too.[2] A new church was built between 1838 and 1840 at Fortuneswell, and was named St John's.[2] In 1865, Underhill became its own parish, with St John's becoming the parish church.[7] The influx of residents and visitors allowed Fortuneswell to flourish commercially, with many businesses becoming established there.[2] The 1896 Kelly's Directory lists 73 businesses within the village.[8]

Following World War II, it became clear new housing on Portland was needed, and this led to the construction of a large housing estate across Verne Common. The new estate, which began construction in 1949, was made a part of Fortuneswell. The original project suggested the construction of high-quality villas, however, prefabricated buildings were erected instead.[9] With the closure of the naval base in 1995, Fortuneswell has since seen an economic decline in business, though various independent stores continue to remain active to date.

Commerce and amenities

The one-way street through Fortuneswell.

Over the last few decades, many shops in Fortuneswell have changed hands frequently, while a few shops have lasted longer periods. The New Star Inn, Royal Portland Arms and the Britannia Inn are all pubs located in Fortuneswell.[10] The no longer remaining Regal Cinema was built in Fortuneswell during 1932. It later became a Bingo hall, and then the Rumours Nightclub in the 1990s. A victim of suspected arson, the nightclub caught fire one evening in 1992 and the remaining shell was demolished soon after.[11] Within the area of the old site of the cinema stands the Royal Manor Theatre.

A reminder of industry in the back streets of Fortuneswell is an old Victorian steam laundry, built in 1900, which later housed a Defence Industry Contractor.[12] In 1793 Robert Carr Brackenbury erected a small Methodist church within the village, known as Brackenbury's Chapel. It was later replaced by the Underhill Methodist Church of 1899.[13] Opposite the church is the Portland Council Offices, which were built in 1934, and possess a fine council chamber.

The play area of Victoria Gardens.

Located in Fortuneswell and close to the villages of Castletown and Chiswell is Victoria Gardens, which were opened in 1904 to mark the 1897 Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria.[14] Towards the highest point of Fortuneswell, heading towards Priory Corner, is Old Hill - a very steep footpath linking Underhill with Tophill. It was once a main route for those travelling from Tophill.[15]

Infant and primary education within the village became provided by Isle of Portland Aldridge Community Academy in 2012. The two schools within Fortuneswell, Brackenbury Infant School (including the Community Nursery) and Underhill Community Junior School, both closed in 2014, along with other schools on the island, all to be replaced by a new school situated at Southwell Business Park in 2016. Fortuneswell was also home to Brackenbury Day School, which is now the Brackenbury Centre.[16]

Listed features

Fortuneswell has a wide array of architecture and buildings, a number of which are Listed. There are some particularly older dwellings nestled beside Victorian and later built houses. Bow Cottage, and its boundary wall, at Artist Row, 116 and 118 Fortuneswell, 81 Fortuneswell, 6 and 8 Fortuneswell, 59 and 61 Fortuneswell, the ex-Post Office at 79 Fortuneswell, and 165 Fortuneswell are all Grade-II Listed.[17][18][19][20] [21][22][23]

Queen Anne House at the top of Fortuneswell, was built circa 1720 by architect and quarry merchant Thomas Gilbert, The house, along with its boundary wall and gate piers became Grade-II* Listed in May 1993.[24] Another particularly grand house is The Captain's House, located at the bottom of Mallams. The house has been subject to local stories, as it stood in ruin for over one hundred years before being privately renovated in the late 1990s. It is a Grade-II listed building.[25][26] At Old Hill is the Old Rectory, which was originally the rectory to St. George Church. It later became a private hotel, and then three dwellings. It is Grade-II Listed.[27] Overlooking Victoria Gardens is a former police station. The station and its courtroom are dated 1904 and 1906, and became Grade-II Listed in May 1993.[28] The front boundary wall and steps to the station are also Grade-II Listed.[29] 1, 2 and 3 Castle Road, former police dwellings, are Grade-II Listed too.[30][31]

High Street contains various notable houses, and was once a separate hamlet known as Maiden Well. This is past the upper end of Chiswell, where the road turns into Fortuneswell and becomes High Street. 58 High Street, 62 (Tenastelion) and 64 High Street, 147 High Street, 137 and 139 High Street, 163 High Street, 60 High Street, and its attached outbuilding, 165 High Street, 107 and 109 High Street, 135 High Street, 141 High Street, including its boundary walls, piers and gate, 159 and 161 High Street, and 10 High Street and its attached outbuilding, are all Grade-II Listed.[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] At the bottom of the street is Maiden Well, the remains of a boundary wall and well head or cistern, probably of 18th-century origin. It is also Grade-II Listed.[44]

The steep street Mallams was once a separate hamlet from Fortuneswell, and features various notable buildings - with the road having extensive terraces from the 18th and 19th centuries. 53 and 60 Mallams, 17 Mallams, 19 Mallams, 42 Mallams, 62 and 64 Mallams, 58 Mallams, and Fair Winds (63 Mallams) are all Grade-II Listed.[45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Also at Mallams is a K6 Telephone Kiosk found opposite No. 63 Mallams, and is also Grade-II Listed. It was designed in 1935 by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott.[53]

St John's Church is located in the village.[54] It was built on a steep hillside in 1838–40 by John Hancock of Weymouth. It has been Grade-II Listed since January 1951.[55] The churchyard walls, gate piers, railings, and steps of St John's Church, dating from 1839–1840, became Grade-II Listed in September 1978.[56] At this same time, two headstone monuments, about 5 metres north east from the west tower of the church became Grade-II Listed.[57]

The Royal Portland Arms is Grade-II Listed, and dates from the mid-19th century and was often visited by King George III.[58] Both the New Star Inn and the Britannia Inn are Grade-II Listed too.[59][60][61] At Hambro Road is a War Department/Admiralty boundary stone dating from the 19th century, and this is Grade-II Listed.[62] At the same time, two other similar boundary stones within the village became Grade-II Listed. They are both found at the junction of New Road and Old Hill.[63]

References

  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 9 July 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150709034010/https://www.dorsetforyou.com/416983. Retrieved 2015-08-19. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 https://www.dorsetforyou.com/media/199172/Portland-conservation-area-appraisal/pdf/Appraisal_of_the_Conservation_Areas_of_Portland.pdf
  3. http://www.visit-dorset.com/about-the-area/fortuneswell-isle-of-portland-p1366573
  4. Legg, Rodney (1999). Portland Encyclopaedia. Dorset Publishing Company. p. 54. ISBN 978-0948699566. 
  5. Morris, Stuart (1985). Portland: An Illustrated History. Dovecote Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0946159345. 
  6. http://www.pbenyon.plus.com/Portland/PYB/Population.html
  7. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~pbtyc/Portland/U_Hill/St_John/St_John_1.html
  8. http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/Portland/685730/
  9. Morris, Stuart (1985). Portland: An Illustrated History. Dovecote Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-0946159345. 
  10. "New Star Inn, Portland, Dorset, DT5 1LU - pub details#". Beerintheevening.com. http://www.beerintheevening.com/pubs/s/25/25207/New_Star_Inn/Portland. Retrieved 17 November 2012. 
  11. "Fortuneswell, Portland, Dorset". Geoffkirby.co.uk. http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/Portland/685735/. Retrieved 5 June 2013. 
  12. "Portland Arts Centre in Dorset | Dorset Magazine". Dorset.greatbritishlife.co.uk. 22 January 2010. http://dorset.greatbritishlife.co.uk/article/portland-arts-centre-in-dorset-artists-fortuneswell-samantha-polley-katherine-bryan-merret-17248/. Retrieved 17 November 2012. 
  13. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~pbtyc/Portland/PYB/Churches.html
  14. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~pbtyc/Portland/PYB/Gardens.html
  15. "Fortuneswell, Portland, Dorset". Geoffkirby.co.uk. 11 November 1926. http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/Portland/685730/. Retrieved 26 June 2014. 
  16. http://www.dorsetecho.co.uk/news/9574588.Brackenbury_Centre_opens_on_Portland/
  17. National Heritage List 1203068: Fortuneswell
  18. National Heritage List 1203088: Fortuneswell
  19. National Heritage List 1203087: Fortuneswell
  20. National Heritage List 1262950: Fortuneswell
  21. National Heritage List 1205542: Fortuneswell
  22. National Heritage List 1205550: Fortuneswell
  23. National Heritage List 1281856: Fortuneswell
  24. National Heritage List 1203085: Fortuneswell
  25. National Heritage List 1280551: Fortuneswell
  26. "Southern Chesil". Geoffkirby.co.uk. http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/Portland/680730/. Retrieved 26 June 2014. 
  27. National Heritage List 1280485: Fortuneswell
  28. National Heritage List 1281850: Fortuneswell
  29. National Heritage List 1205301: Fortuneswell
  30. National Heritage List 1203073: Fortuneswell
  31. National Heritage List 1205290: Fortuneswell
  32. National Heritage List 1281860: Fortuneswell
  33. National Heritage List 1203095: Fortuneswell
  34. National Heritage List 1203096: Fortuneswell
  35. National Heritage List 1281861: Fortuneswell
  36. National Heritage List 1203097: Fortuneswell
  37. National Heritage List 1205703: Fortuneswell
  38. National Heritage List 1280550: Fortuneswell
  39. National Heritage List 1205720: Fortuneswell
  40. National Heritage List 1205729: Fortuneswell
  41. National Heritage List 1205735: Fortuneswell
  42. National Heritage List 1205744: Fortuneswell
  43. National Heritage List 1280587: Fortuneswell
  44. National Heritage List 1281862: Fortuneswell
  45. National Heritage List 1203100: Fortuneswell
  46. National Heritage List 1203101: Fortuneswell
  47. National Heritage List 1205839: Fortuneswell
  48. National Heritage List 1281864: Fortuneswell
  49. National Heritage List 1205845: Fortuneswell
  50. National Heritage List 1205857: Fortuneswell
  51. National Heritage List 1280506: Fortuneswell
  52. National Heritage List 1281865: Fortuneswell
  53. National Heritage List 1205864: Fortuneswell
  54. A Church Near You. "Portland: St John the Baptist, Portland - Dorset | Diocese of Salisbury". Achurchnearyou.com. http://www.achurchnearyou.com/portland-st-john-the-baptist/. Retrieved 17 November 2012. 
  55. National Heritage List 1205490: Fortuneswell
  56. National Heritage List 1203084: Fortuneswell
  57. National Heritage List 1205523: Fortuneswell
  58. National Heritage List 1203086: Fortuneswell
  59. National Heritage List 1203090: Fortuneswell
  60. "Fortuneswell, Portland, Dorset". Geoffkirby.co.uk. http://www.geoffkirby.co.uk/Portland/685735/. Retrieved 17 November 2012. 
  61. National Heritage List 1205537: Fortuneswell
  62. National Heritage List 1203089: Fortuneswell
  63. National Heritage List 1281866: Fortuneswell

Outside links

The Isle of Portland, Dorset

CastletownChiswellEastonFortuneswellThe GrovePortland BillPortland HarbourSouthwellWakehamWeston