Clayworth
| Clayworth | |
| Nottinghamshire | |
|---|---|
 St Peter's Church | |
| Location | |
| Location: | 53°22’60"N, -0°54’41"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 419 (2011) |
| Post town: | Retford |
| Postcode: | DN22 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | Bassetlaw |
Clayworth is a village and parish in the Bassetlaw wapentake of Nottinghamshire. At the time of the 2001 census it had a population of 319,[1] increasing to 419 at the 2011 Census.[2] The village is located six miles north-east of Retford, on the River Idle. Clayworth appears as Clavord in the Domesday Book, where 37 households were registered in the parish, which in the context of the Doomsday Book was considered to be a large population. At that time Clayworth paid low amounts of tax at 2 geld units.[3] By 1769 Clayworth appears as Cloworth.[4] Clayworth was described in John Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles of 1887 as having a population of 439, with 2,076 acres of land.[5]
Toponomy
Heinrich Mutschmann, writing in 1913, thought that the place-name Clayworth referred to the clay soil of the township.[6] More modern scholarship however inclines to the view that the name seems to contain the Old English word, clawu, a claw + worð (Old English), an enclosure, so 'Claw of land enclosure', and suggests that the claw-shaped feature may be the low, curving hill here.[7]
Amenities
Clayworth has two public houses, one called the Brewer's Arms and one called The Blacksmiths.[8] The majority of Clayworth's local amenities are located 10 minutes away in the local market town of Retford, which has a Morrison's and Asda supermarket, as well as all major shops and pharmacies and local rail links connecting with other major towns and cities.[9] A stagecoach bus link, number 96 and 97, runs through Clayworth on its Retford to Gainsborough service once a day.[10]
Laslett's Study of Clayworth
Peter Laslett undertook a study of Clayworth monitoring migration and population changes during the 12 years from 1676 to 1688. Laslett aimed to study how far people moved in relation to their parish of birth.[11] The purpose of the study was to collect detailed data on the residents of Clayworth, it was undertaken by people who lived in the parish itself, the church wardens. The findings from this study showed how 61% of Clayworth's population had migrated away from the village over the 12-year study period, a variety of reasons were suggested including people choosing to move parish to remarry and spinsters who were not socially tied to the village, although the real reasons are unknown.[12]
Population
The highest level reached by Clayworth’s population, according to census statistics, was in 1841 when 627 residents were recorded as living in the village.[13] At the time of the 1881 census the biggest family in Clayworth were the Taylors, with 26 people sharing this surname.[14]
Industry
Due to its rural location the main industry in Clayworth has been agriculture. The 1831 census recorded 74 male residents in this industry,[15] No manufacturing was recorded in Clayworth at all during 1831 but 32 men were working in the retail and handicraft industry, this included those working in retail trade or men working as masters or workmen in handicraft.[16]
Agriculture still dominated in 1881, with 71 men and 1 female working, an increase in the service industry saw 26 females and 10 males working in domestic services and officers.
The Chesterfield Canal, which passes through Clayworth, was officially opened on 4 June 1777.[17]
Places of interest
St Peter's Church
The church is located along Wiseton Road which runs through the village. The tower of the 12th-century St Peter's Church has many old historical inscriptions, it also has a Saxon base surmounted in turn by masonry with Norman windows and a Perpendicular battlemented top. The church was restored in 1874.[18] The oldest memorial in the church is a floorstone which holds a worn inscription to a rector, dating to 1448.[19]
The Traquair murals are located in the church. Completed in 1905 by artist Phoebe Anna Traquair, these are one of only two mural pieces by her outside Scotland, and are the largest mural work in the East Midlands. They were later restored in 1996 by Elizabeth Hirst.[20]
Clayworth's war memorial is dedicated to the 12 soldiers from Clayworth who died during the Great War and the six who were killed in the Second World War. The names are borne on a roll of honour inside St Peter's Church.
Wiseton Hall
Wiseton Hall is a stately home near Clayworth. It was originally built in 1771, then demolished in 1960 and rebuilt in 1962. Wiseton was, for some generations, the home of the Acklom family. When Esther Acklom married John Spencer, 3rd Earl Spencer, Wiseton passed to the Spencer family. Later it was owned by the Rev. Neville of Thorney and Rev. Robert Manners-Sutton. Following that it belonged to Sir Joseph Laycock, whose crest is above the main door. More recently it has been home to the industrialist Richard Budge. In 2012, it was reported to be on sale for £4.75 million.[21]
References
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("Wikimedia Commons" has material about Clayworth) |
- ↑ "Area: Clayworth CP (Parish)", Neighbourhood Statistics
- ↑ "Civil Parish population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11122064&c=clayworth&d=16&e=62&g=6456172&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1460021263047&enc=1. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
- ↑ "Place: Clayworth". Open Doomsday. http://domesdaymap.co.uk/place/SK7288/clayworth/. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ↑ http://www.chesterfield-canal-trust.org.uk/media/1769_map.jpg
- ↑ "Gazetteer entries for Clayworth". Vision of Britain. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/gaztext_page.jsp?u_id=10258893&c_id=10001043. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ↑ H. Mutschmann, The place-names of Nottinghamshire, their origin and development, (Cambridge,1913), p.33
- ↑ J. Gover, A. Mawer & F. M. Stenton (eds.), Place Names of Nottinghamshire (Cambridge, 1940), p.28; A.D.Mills, Dictionary of English Place-Names (Oxford, 2002), p.87; E .Ekwall, Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names (Oxford, 1960), p.110
- ↑ "The Brewers Arms". Brewers Arms. http://www.brewersarmsclayworth.co.uk/. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
- ↑ "Google Maps". Google Maps. http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?hl=en&tab=wl. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
- ↑ "Retford Bus Links". Stagecoach. http://www.stagecoachbus.com/retfordRM.aspx. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ↑ Wallwork, Stephen C (1996). "Allowing for Migration in estimating early population levels". Population Index 64 (2): 30–42. http://www.localpopulationstudies.org.uk/PDF/LPS56/LPS56_1996_30-42.pdf. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ↑ Laslett, Peter (1977). Family Life and Illicit Love in Earlier Generations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 30–78. https://books.google.com/books?id=8fhpzmI4_csC&pg=PA64&lpg=PA64&dq=handicraft+in+clayworth&source=bl&ots=L_EEPRXr1f&sig=bmohyMbNFoU9IBkmlE1y_7a8_-A&hl=en&sa=X&ei=qNqfT7LHPIqB4ATXmPDyAg&ved=0CCgQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=handicraft%20in%20clayworth&f=false.
- ↑ "Historical Statistics/ Population". A vision of Britain through time. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TOT_POP&u_id=10258893&c_id=10001043&add=N. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
- ↑ "Top surnames in Clayworth". British Surnames. http://www.britishsurnames.co.uk/1881census/Nottinghamshire/Clayworth. Retrieved 30 April 2012.
- ↑ "1831 Occupational Categories (simplified)". Vision of Britain Through Time. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_IND&data_cube=N_OCC_PAR1831_SIMP&u_id=10258893&c_id=10001043&add=Y. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
- ↑ "1831 Occupational Categories (simplified)". Vision of Britain. http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_IND&data_cube=N_OCC_PAR1831_SIMP&u_id=10258893&c_id=10001043&add=Y. Retrieved 1 May 2012.
- ↑ Richardson, Christine. "Chesterfield Canal Trust : History of the restoration". Chesterfield Canal Trust. http://www.chesterfield-canal-trust.org.uk/index.php/restoration/history. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
- ↑ Pevsner, Nikolaus. 1979. The Buildings of England:Nottinghamshire. Harmondsworth, Middx. Penguin.
- ↑ "Memorials". St Peters Church. http://www.stpetersclayworth.org/90265/info.php?p=11. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ↑ "Traquair Murals". St. Peters Church. http://www.stpetersclayworth.org/90265/info.php?p=8. Retrieved 23 April 2012.
- ↑ Wiseton Hall (Savills)
