Chacombe
| Chacombe | |
| Northamptonshire | |
|---|---|
.jpg) SS Peter & Paul parish church | |
| Location | |
| Grid reference: | SP4943 |
| Location: | 52°5’17"N, 1°16’44"W |
| Data | |
| Population: | 659 (2011) |
| Post town: | Banbury |
| Postcode: | OX17 |
| Dialling code: | 01295 |
| Local Government | |
| Council: | West Northamptonshire |
| Parliamentary constituency: |
Daventry |
| Website: | Chacombe Parish Council |
Chacombe is a village and parish in Northamptonshire, adjacent to the border with Oxfordshire, about three miles north-east of Banbury in that county. It has sometimes been spelt Chalcombe.[1] The parish is bounded to the west by the River Cherwell, to the north by a tributary of the Cherwell and to the south-east by the main road between Banbury and Syresham. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 659.[2]
Manor
In the reign of Edward the Confessor in the middle of the 11th century, one Bardi held the manor of Chacombe "freely" (i.e. without a feudal overlord).[3] However, the Domesday Book of 1086 records that after the Norman Conquest one Godfrey held the manor of "Cewecumbe" of Remigius de Fécamp, Bishop of Lincoln.[3] The manor had four hides of arable land, nine acres of meadow and three watermills.[3] In the 12th century the manor was still assessed as four hides and was still held of the Bishop of Lincoln.[4]
The manor house has been demolished. It was on the north-west side of the village, just east of the parish church in what is now Berry Field.[5]
Priory
- Main article: Chacombe Priory
Hugh of Chacombe, lord of the manor of Chacombe, founded the Augustinian Chacombe Priory in the reign of Henry II (1154–89).[6] It was just west of the present village.[5]
In 1536 the priory was suppressed in the Dissolution of the Monasteries[6] and surrendered all its properties to the Crown. Today the only visible remains of the priory are a small chapel apparently built in the 13th century[7] and a set of mediaeval fishponds.[6] However, at least three mediæval stone coffin slabs, including one from the 13th century, have been found in the priory grounds.[5]
Part of the priory site is now occupied by a house, also called Chacombe Priory. The house has a large Elizabethan porch and a late 17th-century staircase, and was remodelled in the Georgian era.[7]
Parish church
The earliest part of the Church of England parish church of Saints Peter and Paul is the Norman font.[7] The current building is essentially Decorated Gothic from the early part of the 14th century, including the three-bay arcades either side of the nave.[7] The north aisle has a 14th-century wall painting of Saint Peter being crucified upside-down.[8] It is one of only two wall paintings of Saint Peter's crucifixion known in England, the other being in the parish church at Ickleton in Cambridgeshire. The church is a Grade-I listed building.[9]
The bell tower has a ring of six bells.[10] William Bagley of Chacombe[11] cast four of them including the treble bell in 1694.[12] John Briant of Hertford[11] cast the present fifth bell in 1790[12] and the Whitechapel Bell Foundry cast the present tenor bell in 2009.[12]
The parish of St Peter and St Paul is a member of the Chenderit Benefice, which includes the parishes of Greatworth, Marston St Lawrence, Middleton Cheney, Thenford and Warkworth.[13]
Social and economic history
Ridge-and-furrow patterns of Chacombe's former open-field system can be traced in much of the parish, particularly from the air. The common fields were enclosed long before the 18th century and without a parliamentary Inclosure Act. In about 1720 John Bridges wrote that the whole lordship [of Chacombe] was then enclosed and had been so "for near a 100 years".[14]
From 1605 until 1785 the Bagley family of Chacombe were bellfounders, casting more than 440 bells for churches in England[15] including the four 1694 bells in Chacombe parish church.[10] Master-founders at Chacombe included Henry I Bagley (active 1630–84), Matthew I Bagley (active 1679–90), Henry II Bagley (active 1679–1703), William Bagley (active 1687–1712), Henry III Bagley (active 1706–46) and Matthew III Bagley (active 1740–82).[11] Henry II Bagley also ran another foundry at Ecton and Henry III Bagley also ran one at Witney.[11]
Chacombe's parish school was founded in 1868.[16] It is now Chacombe Church of England (Aided) Primary School.[17]
The Conservative politician and government minister Norman St John-Stevas, Lord St John, died at Chacombe House care home on 2 March 2012, at the age of 82.[18]
In 1900 the Great Central Railway's branch line between Culworth and Banbury was built through the northern edge of Chacombe parish. In 1911 the railway opened Chalcombe Road Halt just north of the village on Wardington Road. British Railways closed the halt in 1956 and the line in 1966.
Amenities
The village has a public house, the George and Dragon, linked to Everards Brewery.[19] It also has a village hall.[20]
Cherwell Edge Golf Club is in the parish, south-east of the village.[21]
References
- ↑ Lewis 1848, pp. 242–245.
- ↑ "Area: Chacombe (Parish): Key Figures for 2011 Census: Key Statistics". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=11121761&c=Chacombe&d=16&e=62&g=6452462&i=1001x1003x1032x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1384618775799&enc=1. Retrieved 16 November 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Adkins & Serjeantson 1902, p. 312.
- ↑ Adkins & Serjeantson 1902, p. 368.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 RCHME 1982, pp. 26–27.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 "Chacombe Priory". Pastscape. English Heritage. http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=337211&search=all&criteria=chacombe%20priory. Retrieved 13 December 2009.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Pevsner & Cherry 1973, p. 146.
- ↑ "Medieval Wall Painting in the English Parish Church: Martyrdom of St. Peter: Chacombe, Northants (Peterborough) C.14". Paintedchurch.org. http://www.paintedchurch.org/chacombe.htm. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ↑ National Heritage List 1041190: Church of St Peter and St Paul (Grade I listing)
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Chacombe: Church Guide". Chacombeparish.co.uk. Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120301165359/http://www.chacombeparish.co.uk/church_chapel/ch_map.html. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Dovemaster (31 October 2012). "Bell Founders". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers. Central Council of Church Bell Ringers. http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/founders.php. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Dawson, George (23 March 2009). "Chacombe SS Peter & Paul". Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers]. Central Council of Church Bell Ringers. http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?searchString=Chacombe&numPerPage=10&Submit=Go&searchAmount=%3D&searchMetric=cwt&sortBy=Place&sortDir=Asc&DoveID=CHACOMBE. Retrieved 24 April 2011.
- ↑ Archbishops' Council (2015). "Benefice of Chenderit". A Church Near You. Church of England. http://www.achurchnearyou.com/benefice.php?B=28/039BP. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ↑ RCHME 1982, pp. 26–27, citing Bridges 1791
- ↑ "Chacombe: Church Guide: Bagley bell-founders". Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120301165418/http://www.chacombeparish.co.uk/church_chapel/bagley.html. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ↑ "Chacombe: Timeline". Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120301165509/http://www.chacombeparish.co.uk/timeline/main_past.htm. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
- ↑ "Diary & News". Chacombe CEVA Primary Academy. http://www.chacombe.northants.sch.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
- ↑ Dennis Kavanagh, "Stevas, Norman Antony Francis St John-, Baron St John of Fawsley (1929–2012)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, UK: OUP, 2016) Retrieved 18 May 2016
- ↑ Everards: George & Dragon, Chacombe
- ↑ "Welcome". Chacombe Parish Council. Archived from the original on 11 February 2015. https://web.archive.org/web/20150211180247/http://www.chacombeparishcouncil.gov.uk/index.php. Retrieved 11 February 2015.
- ↑ "Cherwell Edge Golf Club". http://www.cherwelledgegolfclub.co.uk/. Retrieved 17 June 2012.
Sources
- Adkins, W.R.D.; Serjeantson, R.M., eds (1902). A History of the County of Northampton. Victoria County History. 1. Westminster: Archibald Constable & Co. pp. 312; 368.
- Bridges, John (1791). Whalley, Rev. Peter. ed. The history and antiquities of Northamptonshire. Compiled from the manuscript collections of the late learned antiquary John Bridges, Esq.. I. Oxford: T Payne.
- Lewis, Samuel (1848). A Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.). London: Samuel Lewis. pp. 242–245. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=50864#s17.
- Pevsner, Nikolaus; Cherry, Bridget (1973) [1961]. Northamptonshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. p. 146. ISBN 0-14-071022-1.
- RCHME, ed (1982). An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in the County of Northamptonshire. 4, Archaeological Sites in South-West Northamptonshire. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. pp. 26–27. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/northants/vol4/pp26-27.
- Serjeantson, R.M.; Adkins, W.R.D., eds (1906). "The Priory of Chalcombe". A History of the County of Northampton. Victoria County History. 2. Westminster: Archibald Constable & Co. pp. 133–135. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=40233.
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